Air Methods Critical Care exam 2023 Solved 100% Correct

What is the most reliable method of confirming and montioring correct placement of an ET tube? - ANSWER-Continuous waveform capnography The upper airway consists of... - ANSWER-Nose, Mouth, Jaw, Oral Cavity, Pharynx, and Larynx No gas exchange occurs here __________, it's called ____________. - ANSWER-Nose to terminal bronchioles, anatomical dead space. (2ml/kg of inspired tidal volume) They conduct airflow towards gas exchange units. Crycothyroid membrane - ANSWER-between thyroid and cricoid, avascular structure that connects the thyroid and cricoid cartilage. Site of CRiCOTHYROTOMY- an emergency opening of the airway. A PaCO2 greater than 45 mmHg indicates: A. Metabolic acidosis. B. Metabolic alkalosis. C. Respiratory acidosis. D. Respiratory alkalosis. - ANSWER-C. Respiratory acidosis PaCO2 normal range - ANSWER-35-45 mm Hg Less than 35 likely means hyperventilation Tracheal deviation AWAY from the affected side, decreased breath sounds, and hyperresonance... What's happening? - ANSWER-Tension pneumothorax In a tension pneumothorax tracheal deviation goes in what direction? - ANSWER-AWAY from affected side. Normal mean pulmonary artery pressure - ANSWER-10-20 mmHg Pulmonary hypertension is a mean PA pressure greater than... - ANSWER-(PAm) greater than 20 Primary pulmonary hypertension - ANSWER-Idiopathic genetic disorder caused by abnormal structure of the pulmonary blood vessels Name three causes of secondary pulmonary hypertension.. - ANSWER-1. Passive PH- the result of back pressure. Mitral Stenosis, LV systolic failure. 2. Active PH- Constriction of the pulmonary circuit Increased volume in pulmonary circuit (i.e. congenital heart disease)