Hematologic System NCLEX Questions with Correct Answers

Hematologic System NCLEX Questions with Correct Answers A client is scheduled for a bone marrow aspiration. What does the client's nurse do before taking the client to the treatment room for the biopsy? 1. Cleans the biopsy site with an antiseptic or povidone-iodine (Betadine) 2. Holds the client's hand and asks about concerns 3. Reviews the client's platelet (thrombocyte) count 4. Verifies that the client has given informed consent - ANSWER 4. Verifying informed consent must be done before the procedure can be performed. A signed permit must be on the client's chart. Cleaning the biopsy site is done before the procedure but is not the first thing that should be done. It is not done until consent is verified. It will be done just before the procedure is performed. A nurse is assessing an adult client's endurance in performing ADLs. What question does the nurse ask the client? 1."Can you prepare your own meals?" 2."Has your weight changed by 5 pounds or more this year?" 3."How is your energy level-compared with last year?" 4."What medications do you take daily, weekly, monthly?" - ANSWER 3. This question from Gordon's Functional Health Pattern Assessment is an activity exercise question that correctly assesses endurance compared with self-assessment in the past. It is most likely to provide data about the client's ability and endurance with ADLs. The client may never have been able to prepare his or her own meals. This question does not really address endurance. A nurse is assessing a client for hematologic function risks. The nurse seeks to determine whether there is a risk that cannot be reduced or eliminated. Which clinical health history question does the nurse ask to obtain this information? 1."Do you seem to have excessive bleeding or bruising?" 2. "Does anyone in your family bleed a lot?" 3. "Tell me what you eat in a day." 4. "Where do you work?" - ANSWER 2. An accurate family history is important because many disorders that affect blood and blood clotting are inherited. Genetics cannot be changed. Excessive bleeding or bruising is a symptom, not a risk. A nurse is teaching a client about what to expect during a bone marrow biopsy. Which statement by the nurse accurately describes the procedure? 1. "The doctor will place a small needle in your back and will withdraw some fluid." 2. "You may experience a crunching sound or a scraping sensation as the needle punctures your bone." 3. "You will be alone because the procedure is a sterile one; we cannot allow additional people to contaminate the area." 4. "You will be sedated, so you will not be aware of anything." - ANSWER 2. This description is accurate. Proper expectations minimize the client's fear during the procedure. A very large-bore needle is used for a bone marrow biopsy, not a small needle. The puncture is made in the hip or in the sternum, not the back. The nurse, or sometimes a family member, is available to the client for support during a bone marrow biopsy. The procedure is sterile at the site of the biopsy, but others can be present without contamination at the site. A local anesthetic agent is injected into the skin around the site. The client may also receive a mild tranquilizer or a rapid-acting sedative (such as lorazepam [Ativan]) but will not be completely sedated. Clients are aware of what is happening during the procedure.