Understanding Pathophysiology Huether Fluid and Electrolytes

Understanding Pathophysiology Huether Fluid and Electrolytes Total body water (TBW) - ANS the sum of fluids within all body compartments Intracellular fluid - ANS all the fluid within cells, about 2/3 of TBW Extracellular fluid (ECF) - ANS all the fluid outside the cells (about 1/3 of TBW) What are the two main compartments of extracellular fluid? - ANS interstitial fluid (the space between cells and outside the blood vessels) and intravascular fluid (blood plasma) Other ECF compartments are there? - ANS lymph and transcellular fluids (synovial, intestinal, cerebral spinal, sweat, urine, pleural, peritoneal, pericardial and intraocular) Why do people with more body fat have proportionately less TBW and tend to be more susceptible to dehydration? - ANS Fat is hydrophobic and very little water is contained in adipose cells How is fluid distribution maintained? - ANS hydrostatic pressure (pushes water) and osmotic pressure (pulls water) What is an average infants TBW? - ANS 75% What is an average adult male's TBW? - ANS 60% What is an average adult female's TBW? - ANS 50% What is an average older adult's TBW? - ANS 45-55% Why do the elderly have lower TBW? - ANS decreased muscle mass increased fat% decreased ability to regulate fluid levels (thrist and renal function) What are the primary sources of body water? - ANS water obtained by drinking, ingested in food and derived from oxidative metabolism