s being much larger. Glycogen is a polymer of glucose that can be rapidly broken down to provide
glucose for energy production.
1. Which of the following is NOT a metabolic fuel that can be used to generate ATP?
a) Glucose
b) Lactate
c) Glycerol
d) Nucleotides
e) Amino acids
Answer: d) Nucleotides. Nucleotides are not considered a metabolic fuel that can be used to generate
ATP.
2. Which of the following is a source of fatty acids stored primarily in adipose tissue?
a) Glucose
b) Lactate
c) Glycerol
d) Triacylglycerol
e) Amino acids
Answer: d) Triacylglycerol. Triacylglycerol is a source of fatty acids stored primarily in adipose tissue.
3. What is glycogen?
a) A polymer of glucose that can be rapidly broken down to provide glucose for energy production
b) A source of fatty acids stored primarily in adipose tissue
c) A storage form of protein
d) A type of amino acid
e) A type of ketone body
Answer: a) A polymer of glucose that can be rapidly broken down to provide glucose for energy
production.
4. Which of the following is NOT a potential type of stored fuel that can be accessed when needed?
a) Glycogen
b) Triacylglycerol
, c) Protein
d) Nucleotides
e) All of the above are potential types of stored fuel that can be accessed when needed.
Answer: d) Nucleotides. Nucleotides are not considered a potential type of stored fuel that can be
accessed when needed.
5. Which of the following is a source of amino acids for use as glucose precursors in pathophysiological
conditions such as starvation and diabetes?
a) Glucose
b) Lactate
c) Glycerol
d) Triacylglycerol
e) Protein
Answer: e) Protein. Protein can provide amino acids for use as glucose precursors in
pathophysiological conditions such as starvation and diabetes.
source of fuel during times of starvation or extreme exercise. During starvation, the body will break
down muscle protein to provide amino acids that can be converted into glucose through
gluconeogenesis. This process is not ideal as it leads to muscle wasting and weakness. Additionally,
protein has a caloric value of 4 kilocalories per gram, similar to carbohydrates.
Question: Which stored energy source in the body has a caloric value of 9 kilocalories per gram?
A) Glycogen
B) Triacylglycerol
C) Protein
D) Carbohydrates
E) Adipose tissue
Answer: B) Triacylglycerol
Explanation: Triacylglycerol stored in adipose tissue is the major stored energy source in the body and
has a caloric value of 9 kilocalories per gram, more than twice as high as carbohydrates. Glycogen has
a caloric value of 4 kilocalories per gram, similar to protein and carbohydrates. Protein, primarily
present in muscle, is not a stored fuel under normal conditions but can be a potential source of fuel
during times of starvation or extreme exercise. Adipose tissue stores fat, which is water-insoluble and
requires no water to store.
glucose for energy production.
1. Which of the following is NOT a metabolic fuel that can be used to generate ATP?
a) Glucose
b) Lactate
c) Glycerol
d) Nucleotides
e) Amino acids
Answer: d) Nucleotides. Nucleotides are not considered a metabolic fuel that can be used to generate
ATP.
2. Which of the following is a source of fatty acids stored primarily in adipose tissue?
a) Glucose
b) Lactate
c) Glycerol
d) Triacylglycerol
e) Amino acids
Answer: d) Triacylglycerol. Triacylglycerol is a source of fatty acids stored primarily in adipose tissue.
3. What is glycogen?
a) A polymer of glucose that can be rapidly broken down to provide glucose for energy production
b) A source of fatty acids stored primarily in adipose tissue
c) A storage form of protein
d) A type of amino acid
e) A type of ketone body
Answer: a) A polymer of glucose that can be rapidly broken down to provide glucose for energy
production.
4. Which of the following is NOT a potential type of stored fuel that can be accessed when needed?
a) Glycogen
b) Triacylglycerol
, c) Protein
d) Nucleotides
e) All of the above are potential types of stored fuel that can be accessed when needed.
Answer: d) Nucleotides. Nucleotides are not considered a potential type of stored fuel that can be
accessed when needed.
5. Which of the following is a source of amino acids for use as glucose precursors in pathophysiological
conditions such as starvation and diabetes?
a) Glucose
b) Lactate
c) Glycerol
d) Triacylglycerol
e) Protein
Answer: e) Protein. Protein can provide amino acids for use as glucose precursors in
pathophysiological conditions such as starvation and diabetes.
source of fuel during times of starvation or extreme exercise. During starvation, the body will break
down muscle protein to provide amino acids that can be converted into glucose through
gluconeogenesis. This process is not ideal as it leads to muscle wasting and weakness. Additionally,
protein has a caloric value of 4 kilocalories per gram, similar to carbohydrates.
Question: Which stored energy source in the body has a caloric value of 9 kilocalories per gram?
A) Glycogen
B) Triacylglycerol
C) Protein
D) Carbohydrates
E) Adipose tissue
Answer: B) Triacylglycerol
Explanation: Triacylglycerol stored in adipose tissue is the major stored energy source in the body and
has a caloric value of 9 kilocalories per gram, more than twice as high as carbohydrates. Glycogen has
a caloric value of 4 kilocalories per gram, similar to protein and carbohydrates. Protein, primarily
present in muscle, is not a stored fuel under normal conditions but can be a potential source of fuel
during times of starvation or extreme exercise. Adipose tissue stores fat, which is water-insoluble and
requires no water to store.
