NR 508 - ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY QUESTION AND ANSWERS

NR 508 Final Exam –Question and Answers (Graded A) Question 1 2 / 2 pts A patient who has diabetes reports intense discomfort when needing to void. A urinalysis is normal. To treat this, the primary care NP should consider prescribing: a) flavoxate (Urispas). b) bethanechol (Urecholine). c) phenazopyridine (Pyridium). d) Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan XL). This patient is describing urge incontinence, or overactive bladder, which occurs when the detrusor muscle is hyperactive, causing an intense urge to void before the bladder is full. Urge incontinence is associated with many conditions, including diabetes. Oxybutynin chloride, which is an anticholinergic, acts to decrease detrusor over activity and is indicated for treatment of urge incontinence. Flavoxate is used to treat dysuria associated with UTI. Bethanechol is indicated for urinary retention. Phenazopyridine is used to treat dysuria. Question 2 2 / 2 pts A patient reports difficulty returning to sleep after getting up to go to the bathroom every night. A physical examination and a sleep hygiene history are noncontributory. The primary care NP should prescribe: a) zaleplon. b) ZolpiMist. c) ramelteon. d) chloral hydrate. ZolpiMist oral spray is useful for patients who have trouble returning to sleep in the middle of the night. Zaleplon and ramelteon are used for insomnia caused by difficulty with sleep onset. Chloral hydrate is not typically used as outpatient therapy.