Coun. 684 Test 1 Exam 2023

Coun. 684 Test 1 Exam 2023 Hutson (1958) suggested that there were five other roles of the professional school counselor in addition to vocational guidance. - ANS-1. Student Personnel Administration 2. Psychologists 3. Personnel Work in Industry: 4. Social Work: 5. Mental Hygiene and Psychiatry Guidance as the Personalization of Education: - ANS-This emphasized the importance of personalizing "mass education" by using students' individual talents. Guidance as the Integration of Education: - ANS-Cowley believed counselors should help students identify talents and motivations in order to effectively sort through educational options and create a unified course of instruction. Guidance as the Coordination of Student Personnel Services: - ANS-Cowley suggested that counselors be given all information from other mental health workers so they could coordinate all specialist services available to students. Therefore, the professional school counselor would be dealing not only with the specific problem of a person, but with the whole person. Carl Rogers' theory of client-centered counseling became integrated into the model of school counseling programs. - ANS-1950s and 1960s The American School Counselor Association (ASCA) was founded in - ANS-1952. identified professional school counselors as sociopolitical instruments to achieve national goals. The impetus for this legislation was the launch of Sputnik in 1957 by the Soviet Union. - ANS-The National Defense Education Act (NDEA) funding became available for professional school counselors in most schools. made training available to professional school counselors to enhance their skills as testers - ANS-Title V-A of the National Defense Education Act (NDEA), The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) - ANS-designated funds for guidance and counseling. The Vocational Education Act - ANS-Amendments of 1968 advocated for career guidance programs, responses to the disadvantaged or those with disabilities, and expanding the concept of guidance and counseling, including its extension into elementary schools. During the 1980s and into the 1990s - ANS-the focus of professional school counselors was on dealing with child abuse, drug abuse prevention, and drop-out prevention. Federal legislation in the 1960s banned segregated schools - ANS-meaning that School counselors were given the responsibility of working with culturally diverse groups of students, allow them to "air" their concerns about integration, and create a plan to help students respect one another. Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act of 1984/Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Act of 1990: - ANS-These two acts were the major federal sources of funding for guidance and counseling in schools. School to Work Opportunities Act - ANS-This Act reinforced the importance of career guidance as students make the transition from school to employment. Elementary School Counseling Demonstration Act (1995) - ANS-was the first major legislative departure from the emphasis on career guidance. This act provided $20 million to assist schools to provide greater access to counseling services and to create a more positive ratio of counselors to students. beginning of the 21st century, the Elementary School Counseling Demonstration Act - ANS-expanded to secondary schools and provided grants to school districts who demonstrate the greatest need for counseling services or propose the most innovative program. The American School Counselor Association (ASCA) published the National Standards for School Counseling Programs - ANS-1997 The ASCA National Standards were created to: - ANS--Provide school counselors with a framework for how to develop and implement a comprehensive, developmental program. -Help shape the identity of professional school counselors. The ASCA National Model - ANS-serves as an exemplar to guide school counselors in how to implement the National Standards in their schools. The national model's framework - ANS-exhorts school counselors to address the needs of all students, rather than a select few. The ASCA National Model Components - ANS-foundation, delivery, management, and accountability The ASCA National Model Themes - ANS-leadership, advocacy, systemic change, and collaboration/teaming. ASCA Themes: Leadership - ANS-Professional school counselors strive to: Close the achievement gap. Ensure that all students have access to challenging academic coursework. Continues...