CECE EXAM 2023

CECE Exam 2023 Group Therapy - group work refers to the dynamic interaction between collections of individuals for prevention or remediation of difficulties or for the enhancement of personal growth/enrichment through the interaction of those who meet together for a commonly agreed upon purpose Goals of Group Therapy - Learn to trust self and others • Self knowledge • Recognize the commonality among members • Find alternative ways of resolving conflict • Increase self direction • Learn more effective social skills • Become more sensitive to other's needs • Learn how to confront appropriately • Clarify expectations, goals, and values Advantages of Group Therapy - People learn in a social context • Experience social support • Source of new behaviors • Learn some counseling skills • Peer confrontation • Able to play a variety of roles • Group norms develop • Any biases of the counselor may be addressed more readily • Replicates the participant's everyday world • Safe place to practice new skill Yalom 4 Stages of Group Therapy - -Orientation: Search for meaning, attempts to determine group structure and meaning; search for similarities among group members; members look to leader for approval, acceptance, and answers -Conflict: Members attempt to establish preferred amount of initiative and power; establish a control hierarchy; members may express hostility toward therapist (resistance) o --Cohesion: Unity, intimacy, closeness emerge; trust and self disclosure increase; attendance improves; cohesiveness becomes analogous to therapist-client relationship oTermination Yalom's 11 Curative Factors in Group Therapy - o altruism o universality o interpersonal learning o imparting information o developing socialization techniques o imitative behavior o group cohesiveness o catharsis o corrective recapitulation of the primary family group o instillation of hope o existential factors (individual alone is responsible) Michael Waldo vs. Yalom on GT - Suggested different levels of Yalom's leadership function were needed depending on needs/diagnostic criteria of the group and the clinical setting Jacob Moreno on GroupTherapy - Theater of Spontaneity in Vienna, 1921 • Psychodrama: emphasizes enacting conflicts or crisis situations in the present o Focus is on the here and now o Goal is to reorganize individual's perceptions Tuckman 5 Stages of Group Therapy - Forming: In this stage, most team members are positive and polite. Some are anxious, as they haven't fully understood what work the team will do. Others are simply excited about the task ahead. -Storming: people start to push against the boundaries established in the forming stage ▪ Disagreements and personality clashes must be resolved before the team can progress out of this stage -Norming: all team members take the responsibility and have the ambition to work for the success of the team's goals -Performing: The team members are now competent, autonomous and able to handle the decision-making process without supervision -Adjourning/mourning: termination Corey 6 Stages of Group Therapy - Ethical Guidelines for Group Therapy - Informed consent: tell the client before counseling about the rights and expectations -Should be obtained before counseling begins Confidentiality: difficult to assure in group counseling -Leader must impress the need for it on all group members -Exceptions: danger to self or others, court actions, or signed waivers Research: group members are asked for permission before participating in research Group counselor training: counselors have acquired skills and competencies through education and experience Group member's rights include: o Freedom from undue pressure o Participation is voluntary o Freedom of exit o Right to use of the group's resources Development - systematic changes and continuities in the individual that occur between conception and death Theory - a group of logically organized and related hypotheses that attempts to explain a problem Categories of Theories of HG&D - Learning: behavioral theories, social learning theories, and information processing theories • Cognitive • Psychoanalytic: neo-Freudian and ego psychology theories • Humanistic: Self psyc