FTCE ESOL EXAM questions and answers verified and updated.

FTCE ESOL EXAM questions and answers verified and updated. Phonology -correct way in which speech sounds form patterns; characteristics include phonemes, pitch, and stress concept maps -correct nts learn the relationship between the different elements of a topic and how to organize them from the most general to the most specific Surface Structure -correct we say or write-literal meaning of words Pitch -correct mines the context or meaning of words or series of words Stress -correct s at a "word" or "sentence" level Dialect -correct answers.a variety of speech characterized by its own particular grammar or pronunciation -correct associated with a particular geographical region Phonographemics -correct of letters and letter combinations Phonemes -correct est units of sound in the human language, like consonants or vowels Homonyms -correct forms that have two or more meanings Homographs -correct or more words that have same spelling or pronunciation but different meanings, e.g. stalk (part of plant)/stalk (follow) different meanings -correct answers.e.g. stalk (part of plant)/stalk (follow) Homophones -correct or more words that have the same pronunciation but different meanings and spelling e.g. wood/would, cite/sight Heteronyms -correct or more words that have the same spelling, but have a different pronunciation and meaning, e.g. Polish/polish. Morphemic Analysis -correct res breaking a word down into its component parts to determine its meaning Sociolinguistics -correct study of how social conditions influence the use of language these social factors include ethnicity, religion, gender, status, age, and education play a role in how individuals use language Morpheme -correct smallest unit of language system which has meaning; these smaller units include the root/base word, prefix, and a suffix Morphology -correct process of how the words of a language are formed to create meaningful messages Underlying Principles of Morphology -correct answers.1. Morphemes may be free 2. Knowledge of meanings of derivational morphemes 3. Provide grammatical rather that semantic information for words and sentences (e.g. of, the, and) 4. Words can be combined to create new compound words (e.g. keychain) Pragmatics -correct study of how the context impacts the interpretation of language; dictate language choice, body language, the degree of intimacy -correct how meaning is interpreted Syntax -correct order in which words are arranged to create meaning Discourse -correct istic units composed of several sentences; derivedfrom the concept of "discursive formation" or communication that involves specialized knowledge of various kinds Standardizer -correct answers.a learner who successfully integrates the new knowledge Simplifier -correct answers.a learner that reverts to syntactical rules learned at easierstages they fail to integrate the new knowledge Code-switching -correct answers.a person who intersperses one language with another or mixing some words, phrases, or idioms from one language with another Empty language -correct little meaning but is important in social exchanges Perfunctory speech -correct little meaning but is important in social exchanges