Summary Joint Movements at different Joints (AQA A-Level PE)

Joint Movements → Ball and socket joint


Shoulder
Type: Ball and socket
Articulating bones: Scapula and humerus
Plane / axis Joint action Agonist Antagonist

Sagittal plane Flexion Anterior deltoid Latissimus dorsi
Transverse axis

Extension Latissimus dorsi Anterior deltoid


Frontal plane Abduction Lateral deltoid Latissimus dorsi
Sagittal axis Posterior deltoid

Adduction Latissimus dorsi Lateral deltoid
Posterior deltoid

Transverse plane Horizontal Latissimus dorsi Pectorals
Longitudinal axis abduction

Horizontal Pectoral Latissimus dorsi
adduction



Hip
Type: Ball and socket
Articulating bones: Femur and pelvis
Plane / axis Joint action Agonist Antagonist

Sagittal plane Flexion Gluteals Hip flexors
Transverse axis

Extension Hip flexors Gluteals


Frontal plane Abduction Gluteus medius / Adductors (brevis,
Sagittal axis minimus longus, magnus)

Adduction Adductors (brevis, Gluteus medius /
longus, magnus) minimus

Transverse plane Horizontal Gluteus medius / Adductors
Longitudinal axis abduction minimus b/l/m

Horizontal Adductors Gluteus medius /
adduction b/l/m minimus