TEST BANK FOR FOUNDATIONS OF MATERNAL AND PEDIATRIC NURSING, 3RD EDITION : WHITE

Chapter 54—Prenatal Care MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of these statements regarding prenatal risk factors is TRUE? a. Fathers who smoke can contribute to decreased birth weight in their infants. b. Fetal alcohol syndrome is associated with excessive intake of alcohol during the second trimester of pregnancy. c. Illicit drug use is responsible for a majority of spontaneous abortions and stillbirths. d. Mothers who are not immune to rubella should be immunized during the first trimester o pregnancy to prevent the fetus from being exposed to rubella. ANS: A Prenatal risk factors include teratogenic medications, smoking, alcohol, illicit drugs, genetic factors, and parental considerations such as that fathers who smoke can contribute to decreased birth weight in their infants. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: White (2010) 2. In addition to syphilis and gonorrhea, prenatal laboratory work usually includes tests for which of these infectious dis eases? a. tuberculosis and pneumonia b. herpes zoster and meningitis c. influenza and bronchitis d. chlamydia and human papillomavirus ANS: D Immunization status should be confirmed and testing for sexually transmitted diseases ( syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and human papillomavirus) should be performed to minimize adverse effects on the fetus. PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010) 3. Which of these terms would the nurse use when describing the fertilized ovum prior to implantation? a. embryo c. fetus b. fertilized ovum d. zygote ANS: D Fertilization or conception occurs when a sperm and ovum unite. The fertilized ovum is called a zygote . PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010) 4. The nurse explains to the prenatal client that the implantation of the fertilized ovum begins on approximately what day after conception? a. 5th c. 9th b. 7th d. 11th ANS: A About 7 days after ovulation or 5 days after fertilization, the trophoblast burrows into the endometrium. This is calledimplantation. PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010) 5. The fetus is surrounded by a fluid-filled cavity enclosed by which of these membranes? a. amnion and chorion c. decidua basalis and decidua capsularis b. cotyledons and funis d. ectoderm and endoderm ANS: A The outer fetal membrane is the chorion; the chorionic villi attached to the uterine wall form the placenta. The inner m embrane, the amnion, slightly adheres to the chorion and forms the amniotic sac. PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010) 6. Functions of the placenta include serving as: a. a barrier preventing all infectious and toxic substances from reaching the fetus b. a source of equalizing pressure around the fetus c. an organ of oxygen exchange between the fetus and mother d. an organ controlling fetal development ANS: C Oxygenated blood comes from the placenta and enters the fetus at the umbilicus, through the umbilical vein. Blood moves through fetal circulation, and two umbilical arteries return blood to the placenta to be oxygenated. PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010) 7. Upon examination, a normal umbilical cord should contain: a. one artery and one vein c. two arteries and one vein b. one artery and two veins d. two arteries and two veins ANS: C Oxygenated blood comes from the placenta and enters the fetus at the umbilicus, through the umbilical vein. Blood moves through fetal circulation, and two umbilical arteries return blood to the placenta to be oxygenated. PTS: 1 DIF: Comprehension REF: White (2010)