Test Bank for Human Physiology An Integrated Approach 7th Edition by Silverthorn

Test Bank for Human Physiology An Integrated Approach 7th Edition by Human Physiology Chapter 8 Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties 1) The portions of a neuron that extend off of the roughly spherical cell body are usually collectively called A) protrusions. 2. B) processes. 3. C) prostheses. 4. D) projections. Answer: B Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.2 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 2) Detailed understanding of the cellular basis of signaling in the nervous system has led to good understanding of consciousness, intelligence, and emotion. A) True B) False Answer: B Section: Organization of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.1 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 3) Neurotransmitter is stored and released from A) axon terminals only. B) axon varicosities only. C) dendritic spines only. D) cell bodies only. E) axon terminals and axon varicosities. Answer: E Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome:8.2 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 4) Information coming into the central nervous system is transmitted along neurons. A) afferent B) sensory C) efferent D) afferent and sensory E) sensory and efferent Answer: D Section: Organization of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.1 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 5) The afferent and efferent axons together form the A) central nervous system. B) autonomic division system. C) somatic motor division of the nervous system. D) peripheral nervous system. E) visceral nervous system. Answer: D Section: Organization of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.1 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 6) The brain and spinal cord together compose the A) central nervous system.B) autonomic division system. C) somatic motor division of the nervous system. D) peripheral nervous system. E) visceral nervous system. Answer: A Section: Organization of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.1 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 7) Exocrine glands, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles are controlled by the A) central nervous system. B) autonomic nervous system. C) somatic motor division. D) peripheral nervous system. E) enteric nervous system. Answer: B Section: Organization of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.1 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 8) Autonomic motor neurons are subdivided into the A) visceral and somatic divisions. B) sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. C) central and peripheral divisions. D) visceral and enteric divisions. E) somatic and enteric divisions. Answer: B Section: Organization of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.1Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 9) The enteric nervous system is a network of neurons that function in controlling A) reproduction. B) digestion. C) excretion, particularly urination. D) the skeletal system. E) the endocrine system. Answer: B Section: Organization of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.1 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 10) In general, the nervous system is composed of which two types of cells? 1. motor 2. neurons 3. sensory 4. glial 5. associative 6. A) 1 and 2 7. B) 1 and 3 8. C) 2 and 4 9. D) 3 and 4 10. E) 3 and 5 Answer: C Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.1Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 11) The cell body of neurons is generally 1. A) 90% of the cell volume. 2. B) 50% of the cell volume. 3. C) 10% of the cell volume. 4. D) found in the same position on every neuron. Answer: C Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.2 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 12) Interneurons are found 1. A) only in the brain. 2. B) only in the spinal cord. 3. C) only in the CNS. 4. D) throughout the nervous system. 5. E) only in spinal nerves. Answer: C Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.1 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 13) The multiple thin, branched structures on a neuron whose main function is to receive incoming signals are the 1. A) cell bodies. 2. B) axons. 3. C) dendrites. 4. D) somata. 5. E) None of the answers are correct. Answer:C Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.3 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 14) The collection of axons that carries information between the central nervous system and the peripheral effectors is called the 1. A) axon hillock. 2. B) varicosity. 3. C) axon. 4. D) dendrite. 5. E) nerve. Answer: E Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.2 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 15) The region where the axon terminal meets its target cell is called the 1. A) collateral. 2. B) hillock. 3. C) synapse. 4. D) nerve. 5. E) dendrites. Answer: C Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.3 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 16) The axon is connected to the cell body by the1. A) myelin sheath. 2. B) axon terminal. 3. C) collaterals. 4. D) axon hillock. 5. E) synapse. Answer: D Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.2 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 17) Branches that sometimes occur along the length of an axon are called 1. A) dendrites. 2. B) axon terminals. 3. C) collaterals. 4. D) axon hillocks. 5. E) synapses. Answer: C Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.2 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 18) Neurotransmitters are released from the 1. A) dendrites. 2. B) axon terminals. 3. C) collaterals. 4. D) axon hillock. 5. E) synapse. Answer: BSection: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.3 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 19) The term axonal transport refers to 1. A) the release of neurotransmitter molecules from the axon. 2. B) the transport of microtubules to the axon for structural support. 3. C) vesicle transport of proteins and organelles down the axon. 4. D) the movement of the axon terminal to synapse with a new postsynaptic cell. 5. E) None of the answers are correct. Answer: C Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.2 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 20) Anterograde and retrograde axonal transport are forms of 1. A) fast 2. B) slow 3. C) Neither of these. Answer: A Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.2 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge transport. 21) Clusters of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system are called 1. A) microglia. 2. B) neuroglia. 3. C) glia.4. D) ganglia. 5. E) nodes. Answer: D Section: Organization of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.1 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 22) Glial cells 1. A) only provide structural and metabolic support. 2. B) only guide neurons during growth and repair. 3. C) only help maintain homeostasis of the brain’s extracellular fluid. 4. D) provide structural and metabolic support and help maintain homeostasis of the brain’s extracellular fluid. 5. E) All of the answers are correct. Answer: E Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.4 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 23) Glial cells communicate primarily using 1. A) electrical signals only. 2. B) chemical signals only. 3. C) neurotransmitters only. 4. D) neuromodulators only. 5. E) electrical signals and chemical signals. Answer: B Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.4 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 24) Myelin is formed by1. A) axons only. 2. B) Schwann cells only. 3. C) oligodendrocytes only. 4. D) Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes. Answer: D Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.4 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 25) These glial cells act as scavengers. 1. A) Schwann cells 2. B) astrocytes 3. C) microglia 4. D) oligodendrocytes 5. E) ependymal cells Answer: C Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.4 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 26) These glial cells may contribute to Lou Gehrig’s disease. 1. A) Schwann cells 2. B) astrocytes 3. C) microglia 4. D) oligodendrocytes 5. E) ependymal cells Answer: C Section: Cells of the Nervous System Learning Outcome: 8.4 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge27) The Nernst equation predicts 1. A) intracellular ion concentrations. 2. B) extracellular ion concentrations. 3. C) the membrane potential resulting from all permeable ions. 4. D) the membrane potential resulting from permeability to a single ion. 5. E) the threshold membrane potential. Answer: D Section: Electrical Signals in Neurons Learning Outcome: 8.5 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 28) Which is the correctly written Nernst equation? 1. A) 61/z × log [ion]out/ [ion]in 2. B) 61/z × log [ion]in/ [ion]out 3. C) log 61/z × [ion]in/ [ion]out 4. D) log 61/z × [ion]out/ [ion]in Answer: A Section: Electrical Signals in Neurons Learning Outcome: 8.5 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 29) What does the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation take into account that the Nernst equation does NOT? 1. A) the electrical charges of the ions 2. B) the permeabilities of the ions 3. C) the solubilities of the ions 4. D) the sizes of the ions 5. E) the temperatureAnswer: B Section: Electrical Signals in Neurons Learning Outcome: 8.5 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 30) The resting membrane potential results from 1. A) uneven distribution of ions across the cell membrane only. 2. B) differences in membrane permeability to Na+and K+ 3. C) activity of the sodium/potassium pump only. 4. D) uneven distribution of ions across the cell membrane and differences in membrane permeability to Na+and K+. 5. E) None of the answers are correct. Answer: D Section: Electrical Signals in Neurons Learning Outcome: 8.5 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 31) Which ion(s) is/are higher in concentration inside the cell compared to outside? 1. A) potassium 2. B) sodium 3. C) chloride 4. D) calcium 5. E) More than one of the answers is correct. Answer: A Section: Electrical Signals in Neurons Learning Outcome: 8.5 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 32) The channelopathy known as QT syndrome is a result of mutation in channels. 1. A) sodium2. B) potassium 3. C) calcium 4. D) chloride 5. E) sodium, potassium, or calcium Answer: E Section: Electrical Signals in Neurons Learning Outcome: 8.6 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 33) Ion channel inactivation is 1. A) closing of the channel in response to decrease in the stimulus. 2. B) closing of the channel even when the stimulus continues. 3. C) any type of channel closing. 4. D) None of the answers are correct. Answer: B Section: Electrical Signals in Neurons Learning Outcome