Pharmacology Hesi 2023 Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers

Digoxin (Lanoxin) - positive inotrope (increases force of contraction); negative chronotrope (decreases heart rate). How do you assess for this? Correct Answer Always take apical pulse for one full minute Client with a long hx of daily digoxin and fourosemide (Lasix) use; creates a high risk for dig toxicity because Correct Answer Lasix can cause hypokalemia, which can lead to dig toxicity What can happen when Digoxin is taken with Dronedarone (Multaq), which is another anti-dysrhythmic drug)? Correct Answer Digoxin can increase in the blood level and further increase the effects What is the normal digoxin level? Correct Answer 0.5-2 ng/mL Normal serum potassium level is Correct Answer 3.5-5.0 mEq/L Low potassium or magnesium levels may increase risk for Correct Answer Digoxin toxicity What are the signs and symptoms for digoxin toxcitiy? Correct Answer anorexia, bradycardia, headache, dizziness, confusion, nausea, and visual disturbances such as blurred, yellow, or halo vision. When should you hold off on giving digoxin drug therapy? Correct Answer if apical pulse is less than 60 What effects do Calcium channel blockers (-dipine; amlodipine (Norvasc), nifedipine (Procardia) cause Correct Answer produce vasodialation and reflex tachycardia (lowers BP but increases HR) Verapamil and diltiazam produce Correct Answer vasodialation and cardiosuppresssion (lowers BP and Lowers heart rate) Beta blockers have the drug ending Correct Answer -OLOL such as atenolol, propanolol, esmolol, ect.) Beta 1 blocks receptors in the Correct Answer heart Beta 2 blocks receptors in the Correct Answer lungs