BIO 256 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023

BIO 256 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023 Which is NOT an individual's survival need? Reproduction Which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms? Negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body. Which would be a normal measure of protein in venous blood? 6.9 g/100ml Most often, the integrating center in a feedback loop will be located within the Central Nervous System Any water not contained within the cells is said to be part of the body's _____ compartment. extracellular When stress limits resources for organs, which organ receives top priority for receiving blood? brain Which is a trace element of the human body? Copper Which is an inorganic molecule? O2 Water does NOT dissolve triglycerides Anions have a ____ charge and are formed when they have ____ an electron to/from a cation. negative, gained A base is defined as any molecule that can remove protons from a solution (it is a proton acceptor) The normal pH inside your stomach is acidic, and thus, lower than 7. A solution resisting changes in H+ concentration and tending to maintain a stable pH is called a ____ solution. buffer When molecules have the same chemical formula, with groups arranged in the same sequence, but differ only in the spatial orientation of key functional groups that form mirror images, they are called stereoisomers. Steroid hormones are lipids. In humans, the primary form of carbohydrate storage is glycogen. A steroid may be best described as a lipid consisting of four carbon rings and various functional groups. Saturated fatty acids have ___ double bond(s). 0 Which is NOT a part of an amino acid? glucose We have a much greater variety of proteins than polysaccharides in the body, mainly because there are 20 different amino acid building blocks from which protein molecules are made. Contractile proteins of muscle consist mostly of fibrous protein. Which is NOT a function of proteins? provide genetic code Which is made using the energy in food molecules and used to do work? ATP RNA is made by ____; protein is made by ____. transcription, translation Which type of RNA is the blueprint for protein synthesis? mRNA. The first amino acid of any protein translated is the same - methionine. true Polyribosomes are seen in cells making a lot of one certain protein. Which is the correct protein translation of the mRNA sequence 5' GUA-AUG-CUU-UGG-AAG 3'? VAL-MET-LEU-TRP-LYS Which is NOT a primary function of membranes? energy storage Within mammalian cells, the "universal energy carrier" is adenosine triphosphate. The rate of an enzymatic reaction can be affected by all of the following except osmotic pressure. How can defects in the same metabolic pathway result in different symptoms in different individuals? Different enzymes may be defective in the same metabolic pathway, resulting in different diseases. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a coenzyme. Glucose in broken into 2 pyruvate molecules during (the) glycolysis. When one NADH enters oxidative phosphorylation, how many ATP are produced in the mitochondrion? 3 In glycolysis pyruvate is made. Where does the Kreb's cycle occur? mitochondrial matrix How many NET ATP are formed from the entire cellular respiration process (glycolysis, transition reaction, Krebs cycle & oxidative phosphorylation)? 38 The favored fuel of the liver is fatty acids. Ion channels in a cell membrane permit the selective passage of Na+ and K+ When a membrane channel opens in response to a stimulus, allowing sodium ions to flow with their concentration gradient into a cell, this is an example of facilitated diffusion. Red blood cells placed in a hypertonic solution will crenate. Which contains the code for the primary structure of a protein? Messenger RNA (mRNA)