Bio 256 Final Questions and Answers 2023

Bio 256 Final Questions and Answers 2023 Oxygen is transported by red blood cells, it is carried mostly by -attaching the iron ion in heme Which is true about BMR stress tends to increase your BMR A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be enhancement of labor contractions by oxytocin Which provides the site for blood cell formation skeletal system Where in the body would you find low oxygen levels causing vasoconstriction and high levels causing vasodilation lung Blood flow to the skin increases when environmental temperatures rise The function of small intestine microvilli is increase surface area of absorption Which structure is not directly involved in memory prefrontal cortex Which blood cell type is really a fragment of cytoplasm of bone marrow megakaryocyte- functions in the cellular component of hemostasis plateleta Triglycerides in foods are digested by which enzyme lipase When a young woman has developed breasts and pubic and axillary hair, but she hasn't yet had her first menstrual period, she is in puberty the testicular cells that construct the blood testis barrier are the sustentacular cells Which is not a function of cholesterol used for energy Which autonomic fiber releases norepinephrine as its neurotransmitter postganglionic sympatheti fiber Which works to maintain resting potential in a neuron Na/K ATPase pump The nuerotransmitter utilized at nueromuscular junctions is acetylcholine In a neuron reacting to stimulus, the change in membrane permeability and membrane potential that occurs is called an action potential Respiratory control centers are located in the medulla and pons When a person hyperventilates until they faint, they faint because they have induced respiratory alkalosis Which branch of the nervous system inhibits salivation and causes you to have dry mouth sympathetic nervous system Which is an exocrine produce of the pancreas glycogen, acinar cells Glucose can be obtained from glycogenolysis The molecule that serves as the major source of readily available body fuel is glucose Plateau of the human sexual response involves coitus All of the following can be considered male secondary sex characteristics except the development of testes as opposed to ovaries Effects of estrogen include growth of the breasts at puberty Which is the unite molecule of glycogen glucose There are 20 amino acids in proteins and they differ by their slide chain R Which developmental event occurs during the embryonic period most organs and physical features appear Normal heart sounds are caused by which of the following events close of the heart vvalves Which of the following is not part of the conduction system of the heart atrioventricular valve A female infant is born with several hundred oocytes each one genetically unique. this is due to independent assortment and random corssover in meiosis Which hypothalamic hormone initiates puberty in both males and females gonadotropin releasing hormone The hormone primarily responsible for the stronger and stronger contractions of labor and delivery is oxytocin Glycogen is composed of chains and branches of glucose units Which allow cells to pump solute from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration active transport The movement of water through semi permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentrations to an area of lower concentrations is called _____, a form of______ osmosi, diffusion Which encloses the embryo and all other membranes chorion Where is gastrin produced stomach mucosa Bile production and secretion is promoted by secretin Which is NOT an exocrine product of the pancreas glucagon When a young woman has her first menstrual period she is in menarch To promote erection initiated by sexual stimuli, a PARASYMPATHETIC nervous system reflex promotes the release of NITRIC OXIDE which causes the penile erectile tissues to become engorged with blood Which hormone does the placenta make chrionic gonadotropin-used to detect pregnancy The second-messenger mechanism of hormone action operates by binding to specific receptors and causing changes within the cytoplasm When it becomes necessary to enlist the fight or flight response, the hormone released by the adrenal medulla is epinephrine In glycolysis two molecules of pyruvate are formed Oxygen is used as the final electron acceptor in the respiratory chain Cells that absorb amino acids by NA cotransport must consequently balance electrolytes by pumping NA out of the cell by active transport Which organ works to maintain blood glucose homeostasis by storing glucose as glycogen liver Primary function of carbohydrates is to maintain energy production with in the cells The female structure where the fertilized egg is normally implanted is the uterus There are three layers of neurons in the retina. The axons of which of these neuron layers form the optic nerves ganglion cells Which cells detect bright light and are used for high-acuity color vision cone cells Which is not a component of bile digestive enxymes The role of calcium ions in muscle contraction is to bind to regulatory sites on troponin, changing its configuration The motor neuron and the myofibers it innervates is known as motor unit Immediately after an action potential depolarization has peaked, which cellular gates open potassium After completion of meiosis, the human egg and sperm are similar because they have the same number of chromosomes Which of the following nutrients yield the highest amount of energy per gram when metabolized fats Glucose is broken into 2 pyruvate molecules during glycolysis Where does the Kreb's cycle occur mitochondrial matrix Most chemical digestion and absorption occurs in the stomach In addition to storage and mechanical breakdown of food, the stomach initiates protein chemical digestion and denatures proteins When normal heat loss processes are ineffective in a hot environment, elevated body temperatures can depress the hypothalamus an dinitiate heat stroke Which is not in the conducting zone of the respiratory tree alveoli The most important regulator of electrolyte concentration in extracellular fluids is aldosterone