Keiser University ATI NURSING PHARMACOLOGY Exam guide

Diabetes hydrochlorothiazide teaching? Hydrochlorothiazide therapy can elevate blood glucose  Pharm action: blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride, and prevents reabsorption of water  Ther use: hypertension, heart failure, liver and kidney disease  Complications: dehydration, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia  Nursing admin: monitor electrolytes, take first thing in am, consume foods high in potassium and maintain adequate fluid intake, weigh clients same time each day, monitor BP and I&Os, If potassium level drops below 3.5, monitor ECG and contact provide (may require potassium supplement) Telemetry digoxin medication: second degree heart block  Pharm action: increased force of myocardial contraction, decreased HR  Ther use: heart failure, dysrhythmias (A Fib) can cause a 2nd degree heart block  Complications: Dysrhythmias, bradycardia, GI Effects – anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fatigue, weakness, vision changes, diplopia, blurred vision, yellow-green or white halos around objects  Nursing admin: check pulse and rhythm before admin of digoxin and record (notify if less than 60 bpm), monitor digoxin levels during treatment (keep levels between 0.5ng/mL and 0.8ng/mL to prevent toxicity), instruct clients to observe for signs of hypokalemia (muscle weakness), monitor for signs of digoxin toxicity (fatigue, weakness, vision changes, GI effects)  Mgmt. of Digoxin Toxicity: stop digoxin and potassium sparing meds immediately, monitor potassium levels (supplement if lower than 3.5), treat dysrhythmias with phenytoin or lidocaine, treat bradycardia with atropine, activated charcoal/cholestyramine/digoxin immune Fab (any can be used for excessive over dose) they bind with digoxin and prevent absorption Diclofenac bursitis take: administer with food Discharge gastric ulcer omeprazole teaching: take 60 minutes before meal  Pharm action: inhibiting the enzyme that produces gastric acid  Ther use: gastric and duodenal ulcers, erosive esophagitis, GERD, and