EVERYDAY LIFE" BY SIGMUND FREUD.
"Psychopathology of Everyday Life" is a book written by Sigmund Freud, the founder
of psychoanalysis. First published in 1901, this book explores the slips of the tongue,
forgetfulness, and errors that we make in our daily lives and attempts to understand
their deeper psychological significance. Here are the main ideas of the book:
1. Slips of the tongue: Freud examines "slips of the tongue," which are actions we
take that appear to be unintentional mistakes or forgetfulness. He argues that these acts
are not merely accidents but rather reveal unconscious desires, fears, or conflicts.
2. Unconscious: One of Freud's key ideas is that the human mind is divided into three
levels: the conscious, the preconscious, and the unconscious. Slips of the tongue are
said to stem from the unconscious, where repressed thoughts and desires manifest in
disguised ways.
3. Repression: Freud explains that certain thoughts, emotions, or desires unacceptable
to our consciousness are repressed into the unconscious. These repressed contents can
then resurface in slips of the tongue.
4. Symbolism: Slips of the tongue and forgetfulness are often symbolic and laden with
hidden meaning. Errors can be disguised expressions of forbidden desires or internal
conflicts.
5. Everyday life: Freud emphasizes that studying the psychopathology of everyday
life is as important as analyzing severe psychopathological symptoms. He considers
that small errors in everyday life are revealing of the functioning of the human mind.