Test Bank Women's Health Care in Advanced Practice Nursing 2nd Edition

Test Bank Women's Health Care in Advanced Practice Nursing 2nd Edition Chapter 1 Women and Their Health ........................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 2 Women as Health Care Providers .............................................................................................. 7 Chapter 3 Women and Health Care .......................................................................................................... 10 Chapter 4 Health Care for Vulnerable Populations ................................................................................... 12 Chapter 5 Legal Issues in Women’s Health Care...................................................................................... 15 Chapter 6 Feminist Frameworks for Advanced Practice With Women ...................................................... 17 Chapter 7 Women’s Bodies ...................................................................................................................... 20 Chapter 8 Young Women’s Health ........................................................................................................... 23 Chapter 9 Midlife Women’s Health ........................................................................................................... 26 Chapter 10 Older Women’s Health ........................................................................................................... 28 Chapter 11 Well Woman’s Health ............................................................................................................. 31 Chapter 12 Mental Health ......................................................................................................................... 34 Chapter 13 Nutrition for Women ............................................................................................................... 37 Chapter 14 Healthy Practices: Physical Activity ........................................................................................ 41 Chapter 15 Healthy Practices: Sleep ........................................................................................................ 44 Chapter 16 Genetics and Women’s Health ............................................................................................... 46 Chapter 17 Women and the Workplace .................................................................................................... 48 Chapter 18 Health Considerations for Women Caregivers ........................................................................ 51 Chapter 19 Women’s Sexual Health ......................................................................................................... 53 Chapter 20 Primary Care of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Individuals ................................... 56 Chapter 21 Fertility Self-Management and Shared Management .............................................................. 58 Chapter 22 Preconception Counseling ..................................................................................................... 62 Chapter 23 Prenatal Care and Anticipating Birth....................................................................................... 64 Chapter 24 Breast Health Considerations ................................................................................................. 67 Chapter 25 Caring for the Transgender Patient ........................................................................................ 71 Chapter 26 Sexual Health Problems and Dysfunctions ............................................................................. 74 Chapter 27 Vulvar and Vaginal Health ...................................................................................................... 76 Chapter 28 Perimenstrual and Pelvic Symptoms and Syndromes ............................................................ 79 Chapter 29 Urologic and Pelvic Floor Health Problems ............................................................................ 83 Chapter 30 Sexually Transmitted Diseases .............................................................................................. 85 Chapter 31 Women and HIV/AIDS ........................................................................................................... 88 Chapter 32 Human Papillomavirus ........................................................................................................... 91 Chapter 33 Gynecologic Cancers ............................................................................................................. 94 Chapter 34 Menopause ............................................................................................................................ 97 Chapter 35 Osteoporosis ........................................................................................................................ 100 1 | P a g eChapter 36 The Challenge of Unintended Pregnancies .......................................................................... 102 Chapter 37 Infertility ............................................................................................................................... 105 Chapter 38 High-Risk Childbearing ........................................................................................................ 107 Chapter 39 Intrapartum and Postpartum Care ........................................................................................ 111 Chapter 40 Mental Health Challenges .................................................................................................... 116 Chapter 41 Substance Abuse and Women ............................................................................................. 119 Chapter 42 Gender-Based Violence and Women’s Health ..................................................................... 122 Chapter 43 Cardiovascular Disease in Women ....................................................................................... 126 Chapter 44 Endocrine-Related Problems ............................................................................................... 129 Chapter 45 Chronic Illness and Women ................................................................................................. 132 Chapter 46 Care of Women With Disabilities .......................................................................................... 134 2 | P a g eChapter 1 Women and Their Health The United States ranks 50th in the world for maternal mortality and 41st among industrialized nations for 1. infant mortality rate. When developing programs to assist in decreasing these rates, which factor would most likely need to be addressed as having the greatest impact? A) Resolving all language and cultural differences B) Assuring early and adequate prenatal care C) Providing more extensive womens shelters D)Encouraging all women to eat a balanced diet 2. When integrating the principles of family-centered care, the nurse would include which of the following? A)Childbirth is viewed as a procedural event B) Families are unable to make informed choices C) Childbirth results in changes in relationships D) Families require little information to make appropriate decisions When preparing a teaching plan for a group of first-time pregnant women, the nurse expects to review 3. how maternity care has changed over the years. Which of the following would the nurse include when discussing events of the 20th century? A) Epidemics of puerperal fever B) Performance of the first cesarean birth C) Development of the x-ray to assess pelvic size D) Creation of free-standing birth centers 4. After teaching a group of students about pregnancy-related mortality, the instructor determines that additional teaching is needed when the students identify which condition as a leading cause? A) Hemorrhage B) Embolism C) Obstructed labor D) D)Infection The nurse is working with a group of community health members to develop a plan to address the special 5. health needs of women. Which of the following conditions would the group address as the major problem? A) Smoking B) Heart disease C) Diabete s D)Cancer 6. When assessing a family for possible barriers to health care, the nurse would consider which factor to be most important? A) Language B) Health care workers attitudes C) Transportatio 3 | P a g en D) D)Finances 7. After teaching a group of nursing students about the issue of informed consent. Which of the following, if identified by the student, would indicate an understanding of a violation of informed consent? A) Performing a procedure on a 15-year-old without consent B) Serving as a witness to the signature process C) Asking whether the client understands what she is signing D) Getting verbal consent over the phone for emergency procedures 8. The nurse is trying to get consent to care for an 11-year-old boy with diabetic ketoacidosis. His parents are out of town on vacation, and the child is staying with a neighbor. Which action would be the priority? A) Getting telephone consent with two people listening to the verbal consent B) Providing emergency care without parental consent C) Contacting the childs aunt or uncle to obtain their consent D)Advocating for termination of parental rights for this situation 9. After teaching nursing students about the basic concepts of family-centered care, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students state which of the following? A) Childbirth affects the entire family, and relationships will change. B) Families are not capable of making health care decisions for themselves. C) Mothers are the family members affected by childbirth. D) D)Childbirth is a medical procedure. 10. A nursing instructor is preparing a class discussion on the trends in health care and health care delivery the past several centuries. When discussing the changes during the past century, which of the following would the instructor be least likely to include? A) Disease prevention B) Health promotion C) Wellness D) Analysis of morbidity and mortality 11. A nurse is assigned to care for an Asian American client. The nurse develops a plan of care with the .understanding that based on this clients cultural background, the client most likely views illness as which of the following? A) Caused by supernatural forces. B) A punishment for sins. C) Due to spirits or demons. D) From an imbalance of yin and yang 12. A nurse is developing a plan of care for a woman to ensure continuity of care during pregnancy, labor, .and childbirth. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to incorporate into that 4 | P a g eplan? A) Adhering to strict, specific routines B) Involving a pediatric physician C) Educating the client about the importance of a support person D) Assigning several nurses as a support team 13. A nursing instructor is preparing a class discussion on case management in maternal and newborn health care. Which of the following would the instructor include as a key component? Select all that apply. A) Advocacy B) Coordination C) Communication D) Resource management E) Event managed care 14.After teaching a group of students about the concept of maternal mortality, the instructor determines that additional teaching is needed when the students state which of the following? A) The rate includes accidental causes for deaths. B) It addresses pregnancy-related causes. C) The duration of the pregnancy is not a concern. D) The time frame is typically for a specified year. A group of students are reviewing the historical aspects about childbirth. The students demonstrate standing of the information when they identify the use of twilight sleep as a key event during which time frame? A) 1700s B) 1800s C) 1900s D) 2000s 16. A nurse is providing care to a woman who has just delivered a healthy newborn. Which action would least likely demonstrate application of the concept of family-centered care? A) Focusing on the birth as a normal healthy event for the family B) Creating opportunities for the family to make informed decisions C) Encouraging the woman to keep her other children at home D) Fostering a sense of respect for the mother and the family 17. When discussing fetal mortality with a group of students, a nurse addresses maternal factors. Which of the following would the nurse most likely include? Select all that apply. A) Chromosomal abnormalities B) Malnutrition C) Preterm cervical dilation D) Underlying disease condition E) Poor placental attachment 18. A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group about health status and childrens health. Which of the following would the nurse include as one of the most significant measures? 5 | P a g eA) Fetal mortality rate B) Neonatal mortality rate C) Infant mortality rate D) Maternal mortality rate A group of students are reviewing an article describing information related to indicators for womens h and the results of a national study. Which of the following would the students identify as being satisfactory for women? Select all that apply. A) Smoking cessation B) Colorectal cancer screening C) Violence against women D) Health insurance coverage E) Mammograms 20. A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local womens group about heart disease and women. Which of the following would the nurse expect to address when discussing measures to promote health. A) Women have similar symptoms as men for a heart attack. B) Heart disease is no longer viewed as a mans disease. C) Women experiencing a heart attack are at greater risk for dying. D) Heart attacks in women are more easily diagnosed. 21.A nurse is working to develop a health education program for a local community to address breast cancer awareness. Which of the following would the nurse expect to include when describing this problem to the group? Select all that apply. A) White women have higher rates of breast cancer than African American women. B) African American women are more likely to die from breast cancer at any age. C) Survival at any stage is worse among white women. D) Women living in South America have the highest rates of breast cancer. E) Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in women. A group of nursing students are reviewing information about factors affecting maternal, newborn, and s health. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following deficiencies as being associated with poverty? Select all that apply. A) Literacy B) Employment opportunities C) Mobility D) Political representation E) Skills Answer Key 1. B 2. C 3. D 6 | P a g e4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. A 9. A 10D 11D 12C 13.A, B, C, D 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.B, C, D 18.C 19.B, E 20.C 21. A, B 22. A, B, C, D, E Chapter 2 Women as Health Care Providers 1. Which health occupation has the highest percentage of women? A. Pharmacists B. Physical therapists C. Registered nurses D. Dentalhygieni sts Answer: D 2. Which health occupation has the lowest percentage of women? A. Physicians B. Dentists C. Pharmacists D. Physical 7 | P a g etherapists Answer: B 3. Which health profession has the largest number of workers? A. Health aides B. Physicians C. Licensed practical nurses D. Registered nurses Answer: D 4. Which of the following are certifications available in advanced practice registered nursing? (Select allthat apply.) A. Certified nurse midwife B. Certified registered nurse anesthetist C. Certified nurse pharmacologist D. Clinical nurse specialist E. Nurse practitioner Answer: A, B, D, E 5. What level of education is required to become a licensed practical nurse? A. 2-year master’s degree (in addition to a 4-year bachelor’s degree) B. 4-year bachelor’s degree C. 2-year associate’sdegree D. 1-year certificate or diploma Answer: D 6. What percentage of physicians and surgeons in the United States in 2014 were women? A. 27% B. 37% C. 47% D. 57% Answer: B 7. What medical specialty has the highest percentage of women? A. General pediatrics B. Obstetrics and gynecology C. Orthopedic surgery D. Urolog y Answer: A 8. On an average, the income of female physicians is what percentage of that of malephysicians? A. 59% B. 79% 8 | P a g eC. 99% D. 109% Answer: A 9. What level of education is required to become a pharmacist? A. 6-year doctorate degree B. 2-year master’s degree (in addition to a 4-year bachelor’s degree) C. 4-year bachelor’s degree D. 2-year associate’sdegree Answer: A 10. Which of the following is the median income of dentists in the United States (2012)? A. $89,310 B. $109,310 C. $129,310 D. $149,310 Answer: D 11. Which of the following are the current trends in dentistry? (Select all that apply.) A. More specialists than generalists B. Research linking oral health to overallhealth C. Focus on treatment of disease rather than prevention D. Expected growth of 18% from 2014 to 2024 E. Increasing demand for dental implants, bridges, and cosmetic services Answer: B, D, E 12. Which allied health occupation is projected to be the fastest growing? A. Health information technicians B. Nursing aides C. Occupational therapists D. Paramed ics Answer: A 13. One in five workers in which of the following allied health occupation is at or below the federal poverty level? A. Medical assistant B. Home health aide C. Radiology technician D. Speech-language pathologist Answer: B 14. Veronica is a registered nurse who pours herself into her job. She works long hours without complaint and strives to do her best. Often, she maintains a cheerful, caring, and kind demeanor on the outside while feeling exhausted and frustrated on the inside. The effort it takes to maintain this front before her patients results in a lot of stress. This phenomenon can best be described as which of the following? 9 | P a g eA. Identity crisis B. Psychological disparity C. Emotional dissonance D. Gender discrimination Answer: C 15. Tests of implicit racial bias among health professionals have revealed which of the following? A. An unconscious preference for Whites over Blacks B. Use of racially charged, derogatorylanguage C. Sharing of racist jokes D. Lower pay for racial minorities Answer: A Chapter 3 Women and Health Care 1. To enhance women’s health care in the 21st century, researchers should do which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A. Design studies in collaboration with women B. Analyze changes in women’s health data relative to men’s C. Include homogeneous populations of women in studies D. Translate research findings into clinical and public health practice E. Focus on treatment approaches equallyapplicable to men and women Answer: A, B, D 2. Historically, gender has been defined by which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A. Self-identification B. Appropriateroles C. Division oflabor D. Economicpower E. Political influence Answer: B, C, D, E 3. Hammarstrӧm et al. propose a model of sex and gender that includes which of the following concepts? (Select all that apply.) A. Binary sexuality based on one’schromosomes B. Sex, interacting with gender, as a continuum C. Biologically determined sex based on the effects of sex hormones on reproductive organ development D. Sex and gender as an integration of body, mind, and context E. Intersectionality and embodiment as factors significantlyaffecting sex and gender Answer: B, D, E 4. Which of the following is the best example of how gender bias has affected the health and health care of women? A. Similar rates of mental illness being found in men and women 10 | P a g eB. Treatment outcomes among women varying based on patient compliance C. Association of patient income level with type of diagnosis D. Disproportionatelymore psychotropic medications being prescribed to women than men Answer: D 5. Krieger has proposed which of the following regarding sex, gender, and health? (Select all that apply.) A. Gender and sex played no significant role in determining health outcomes for women B. Gender relations influence the expression and the interpretation of biological traits C. Sex-linked biological characteristics contribute to gender differentials in health D. Traditional perspectives on gender and sex have resulted in better health outcomes for women than for men E. Equitable gender relationships have resulted in similar health outcomes in men and women Answer: B, C 6. When did women’s health scholarship begin toflourish? A. 1960s B. 1970s C. 1980s D. 1990s Answer: B 7. Which of the following were the goals included in the report “Women’s Health Research: Progress, Pitfalls, and Promise,” which was published by the Office of Research on Women’s Health in 2010? (Select all that apply.) A. Increase sex similarities research in basic sciences studies B. Incorporate findings of sex and gender differences in the design of new technologies C. Create strategic alliances to maximize domestic and global impact of women’s health research D. Develop and implement new social networking technologies to promote men’s health and wellness research E. Employinnovative strategies to build a well-trained, diverse, and vigorous women’s health research workforce Answer: B, C, E 8. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Revitalization Act of 1993 mandated that the NIH do which of the following? A. Expand health insurance coverage for women B. Include women and minorities in clinicalresearch C. Research and develop new women-specific medications D. Decrease infection rates during obstetric surgeries Answer: B 9. Historical examples of gender bias in medical textbooks include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A. Portrayals of women as inherentlysick B. A recommendation that women simulate orgasms if not orgasmic with their husbands C. Portrayals of women patients as being intellectually superior to their male physicians D. Omission of the clitoris from anatomical illustrations of women’s genitals E. Portrayal of women as invincible to illness and age, as long as they make 11 | P a g ethe right choices Answer: A, B, D, E 10. Which of the following best describes the new model for health care for women? A. Physician-centered B. Authoritarian C. Pluralistic D. Disease- oriented Answer: C Chapter 4 Health Care for Vulnerable Populations 1. According to a 2015 report by Buerhaus and colleagues, which type of health care provider is most likelyto care for racial or ethnic minority patients and patients who are uninsured? A. Family practice physicians B. Physician assistants C. Nurse practitioners D. Surgeo ns Answer: C 2. Which of the following are examples of people likely to be considered members of vulnerable populations? (Select all that apply.) A. An African American woman B. A young woman living in an urban setting who takes mass transit C. A single mother earning $12,000 a year D. A transgender man E. A homeless middle- aged man Answer: A, C, D, E 3. Which of the following is the best example of a health inequity? A. A Mexican American woman with diabetes who receives less attention from the physician because of her ethnicity B. A low-income woman whose children get sick repeatedly because she refused to have them vaccinated C. A gay man who must drive a long distance to visit the health care provider of his choice D. A Muslim woman who is shunned by her neighbors because of her religion Answer: A 4. Which of the following are effects of social determinants of health? (Select all that apply.) A. A higher rate of infant mortality in a poor neighborhood compared with wealthier ones B. Increased incidence of boating injuries in a city located on a large lake C. A murder rate five times the national average in an inner-city neighborhood plagued by gang activity D. A man with HIV who goes without treatment because he fears the stigma associated with his 12 | P a g econdition E. An outbreak of the flu in an area due to rapid changes in the weather Answer: A, C, D 5. Which of the following is the generally accepted view of race by the scientific community? A. Biologically determined B. Established by socioeconomic level C. Determined by the country of one’sbirth D. Socially constructed Answer: D 6. Mary is a 51-year-old woman with 20 years of experience as an assembly line worker in the automobile industry. She was recently interviewed for a management position in her company but did not get the job. A coworker later tells her, “Don’t feel bad. Archie never hires women for management.” This scenario can best be described as an example of which of the following? A. Prejudice B. Discrimination C. Health inequity D. Social justice Answer: B 7. Jamie is a single mom who, because of her low income, is unable to consistently provide nutritious meals for her children and self. Her food insecurity makes Brittany at a greater risk for which of the following? A. Breast cancer B. Type 1 diabetes C. Type 2 diabetes D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Answer: C 8. Which of the following are challenges that low-income women are more likely to encounter in the workplace than high-income women? (Select all that apply.) A. Discrimination based on gender B. Long commutes C. No paid sick days D. Pressure from a demanding boss E. Lack of health insurance Answer: A, C, E 9. Teresa lives in a town of 3,000 people in Montana, 100 miles away from the nearest city. Which barrier to care is Teresa most likely to face as a result of living in a rural community? A. Lack of a women’s health specialist B. Higher cost of care 13 | P a g eC. Structural racism D. Social stigma Answer: A 10. What percentage of women in the United States will experience severe physical violence by anintimate partner in their lifetimes? A. 15% B. 25% C. 35% D. 45% Answer: B 11. Which group of women are likely to experience intimate partner violence? A. Lesbians B. Women with disabilities C. Women living in rural communities D. Women who work full time Answer: B 12. A nurse is preparing to assess a client for alcohol use. Which clinical tool would be appropriate for this task? A. Cut down, annoyed, guilty, and eye-opener (CAGE) B. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) C. Mini-Cog D. Wong-Baker FACES (Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale) Answer: A 13. A nurse is assisting a client who is food insecure. Which agency should the nurse refer the client to for food assistance? A. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) B. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) C. Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) D. World Health Organization (WHO) Answer: C 14. A nurse learns from an older client, Gabby, that Gabby’s landlord is increasing her rent by 100% with only a month’s notice. The nurse refers Gabbyto a social worker to explore subsidized housing and follows up a month later to make sure Gabby is okay. The nurse’s behavior is an example of which of the following? A. Discrimination B. Patient advocacy C. Health inequity D. Marginalizati on Answer: B 14 | P a g eChapter 5 Legal Issues in Women’s Health Care 1. The landmark U.S. Supreme Court case Griswold v. Connecticut established which of the following? A. Unmarried women’s right to privacy in contraception B. Women’s right to choose to have anabortion C. The right of women younger than 16 years to receive birth control D. Married couples’ right to privacy in contraception Answer: D 2. The U.S. Supreme Court case Carey v. Population Services established which of the following? A. Unmarried women’s right to privacy in contraception B. Women’s right to choose to have anabortion C. The right of women younger than 16 years to receive birth control D. Married couples’ right to privacy in contraception Answer: C 3. What proportion of pregnancies in the United States are unintended each year? A. One fourth B. One third C. One half D. Two thirds Answer: C 4. By age 45, what proportion of women have had an abortion in their lifetime? A. 1 in 10 B. 2 in 10 C. 3 in 10 D. 4 in 10 Answer: D 5. In the U.S. Supreme Court case in which Hobby Lobby challenged an aspect of the Patient Protectionand Affordable Care Act, what was the outcome? A. The Court ruled that the contraception mandate violated religious liberty B. The Court ruled that Hobby Lobby must provide birth control coverage for its employees C. The Court ruled that Hobby Lobby must provide abortion coverage for its employees D. The Court ruled that the individual mandate was unconstitutional Answer: A 6. Before 1880, what was the status of abortion in the United States? A. It was prohibited by federal law B. It was unregulated C. It was outlawed by individual states, with limited exceptions D. It was a right legally protected by 15 | P a g efederal law Answer: B 7. Which of the following were outcomes of the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case Roe v. Wade, 1973? (Select all that apply.) A. Women were granted the right to choose to have an abortion B. Human life was defined as beginning atbirth C. States retained the right to restrict and regulate abortion D. States retained the right to outlawabortion E. Physicians retained the right to make decisions regarding abortion with their patients Answer: A, C, E 8. Which of the following are controversial aspects of in vitro fertilization? (Select all that apply.) A. Allowing parents to select the sex of their child B. Implanting two to three embryos at atime C. Allowing parents to implant an embryo for the purpose of harvesting an organ to be donated to a sick sibling D. Allowing preimplantation genetic testing when a parent has a history of an inheritable genetic disorder E. Allowing parents to select the hair color, eye color, and skin complexion of a child Answer: A, C, E 9. Which U.S. Supreme Court case involved a child custody battle between parents of anembryo that was mistakenly implanted in another woman and the woman who gave birth to this child? A. Griswold v. Connecticut B. Eisenstadt v. Baird C. Rodgers v. Fasano D. Doe v. Doe Answer: C 10. In the case of In re Baby M, 1988, the New Jersey Supreme Court did which of the following? A. Granted permission for the surrogate mother to have an abortion B. Awarded custody ofthe child to the surrogate mother C. Awarded custody of the child to the father, who was the client and sperm donor D. Awarded custody of the child to the state Answer: B 11. Which state has prosecuted a woman for illegal drug use in pregnancy; allowed drug testing on women in a public hospital without their consent and arrested and incarcerated those who tested positive; and convicted a woman of murder after her child was stillborn as a result of her using cocaine? A. Alabama B. South Carolina C. Georgia D. Texa s Answer: B