CDCES: Eye Disease questions with correct answers

What eye diseases are associated with Diabetes? Answer Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema Fundoscopy Answer Viewing of eye structures using an ophthalmoscope (picture of the eyeball) Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR) Answer An early stage/mild retinopathy that is characterized by: microaneurysms, cotton wool spot, intraretinal hemorrhage (appear as dots or a flame shape), hard exudate (fluid deposits) Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) Answer More advanced and vision-threatening stage of retinopathy that is characterized by: circulation problems depriving the retina of oxygen, causing growth of new, fragile, abnormal blood vessels (neovascularization) along the surface of the retina that may rupture easily. Has the potential to lead to severe blindness from bleeding (vitreous hemorrhage) and/or retinal detachment. What is diabetic macular edema (DME)? Answer Leakage of fluid and exudate from the vessels into the macula (specialized portion of the retina responsible for central vision) that affects the primary area of focus and accompanies NPDR or PDR