Nasm CPT Final Exam Study Guide 137 Questions and Answers

Proprioception - Correct Answer -The body's ability to to sense the relative position of adjacent parts of the body Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about the type of surface we are on. Mechanoreceptors - Correct Answer -specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue and transmit signals to sensory nerves. Muscle Spindles - Correct Answer -sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the muscle fibers and are sensitive to change in muscle length. Spindles stretch with muscle and sends information to CNS. helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast Golgi Tendon Organs - Correct Answer -sensory receptors that are located at the point where the skeletal muscle fibers insert into the tendon. Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of change causes the muscle to relax Epimysium - Correct Answer -connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the whole muscle Perimysium - Correct Answer -connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles Endomysium - Correct Answer -between the individual muscle fibers Type 1 Muscle Fiber - Correct Answer -"slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, longterm contractions (stabilization) Type 2 Muscle Fiber - Correct Answer -fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power exercises Agonist - Correct Answer -PRIME MOVER, main muscles ex: chest press- > pectoralis major Synergist - Correct Answer -ASSIST PRIME MOVER, ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps Stabilizer - Correct Answer -stabilizes while prime mover and assist work. chest press -> rotator cuf Antagonist - Correct Answer -Oppose Prime mover, chest press -> posterior delt Right Atrium - Correct Answer -gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE BODY Left Atrium - Correct Answer -gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS Right Ventricle - Correct Answer -thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs Left Ventricle - Correct Answer -thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body Metabolism - Correct Answer -all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to maintain itself. Nutrients are acquired, transported and used by the body. Exercise Metabolism - Correct Answer -bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and demands on body during exercise Substrates - Correct Answer -where enzymes act Carbohydrates - Correct Answer -Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a source of fuel and energy required for all daily activities Glucose - Correct Answer -a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs that is transported through the blood and is used or stored as energy Glycogen - Correct Answer -the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose and used Fat - Correct Answer -a secondary source of energy Trigylcerides - Correct Answer -come from fats, when calories are consumed but not used they are converted and stored in fat cells Protein - Correct Answer -Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and structures. A third energy source, usually not until starvation. Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day strength athletes, 1.21.4 endurance athletes 1 g = 4 calories Gluconeogenesis - Correct Answer -glucose form from non carb sources like amino acids Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - Correct Answer -Energy storage and transfer unit in the cells. When chemical bonds that hold it together are broken, energy is re