NR507 / NR 507 Final Exam Study Guide (Latest 2023 / 2024): Advanced Pathophysiology - Chamberlain

NR 507 Final Exam Study Guide Endometrial Cycle - ✅Three Phases: Proliferative Phase, Secretory Phase, Ischemic Phase, Ovulation occurs between the follicular/proliferative and the luteal/secretory phase uterine prolapse - ✅the decent of the cervix or entire uterus into the vaginal ca nal ** can be severe protruding completely through vagina and protrude from introitus PCOS - ✅Oligo -ovulation or anolvulation elevated androgen levels and polycystic ovaries testicular cancer - ✅highly treatable cancer develops in young middle aged men c ure rate 90% often manifests as painless enlargement that is gradual sensation of heaviness with dull ache Risk factors for testicular cancer - ✅cryptorchidism, abnormal testicular development, hiv, aids, Klinefelter syndrome, Hx of testicular CA. Eval f or breast Ca - ✅Painless lump in the breast palpable nodes in the axilla retraction of the tissue or dimpling of the skin bone pain caused by metastasis to vertebrae. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder - ✅cycle in recurrence (occurs in the luteal phase) distressing physical psychological or behavioral changes that impair relationship or interfere with usual activity. dysfunctional uterine bleeding - ✅heavy menstrual bleeding which does not appear to have any anatomical cause other causes have been ruled out accounts for 70% of hysterectomies and ablations. prostate cancer - ✅cancer of the prostate gland, usually occurring in men middle -aged and older chronic exposure to arsenic as well as estrogen is a risk factor HPV and Cervical Cancer - ✅- HPV found in 9 5% of cervical cancer - 80-90% transient, gone 1 -2 years (which is why we test q 3 years) - 10-20% persist (of these, 2% progress to cervical cancer) Human papillomavirus linked to development of precancerous cells known as dysplasisa high hormone levels - ✅causes negative feed back decreasing secretion of the tropic hormone. Cushing's syndrome - ✅a condition caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol moon face , trunk obesity, buffalo hump Cause of hypoparathyroidism - ✅Thyroid or parathyro id surgery, autoimmune, congenital associated with DiGeorge syndrome low calcium levels chronic alcoholism malnutrition aminoglycoside antibiotics chemo -agents parenteral nutritional therapy Parathyroid syndrome - ✅hypocalcemia dry skin loss of body hair ridges on nails labs for primary hypothyroidism - ✅documentation of clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism and measurement of increased levels of TSH and Decreased TH Thyroid storm - ✅death can occur within 48 hrs w/o treatment can develop spontaneously in those with un -diagnosed or partially treated or severe hyperthyroidism Cause of Thyroid storm - ✅infection pulmonary disorder cardiovascular disorder trauma burn seizure surgery OB complicat ion emotional stress Dialysis Thyriodtoxicosis symptoms - ✅Hyperthermia tachycardia high-out put heart failure agitation delirium N&V Diarrhea Shock dermatome - ✅area of skin innervated by a spinal nerve