Power and the People part 2 – challenging royal authority
When was the Pilgrimage of Grace?####1536-37
What were the causes of the PoG?####religiongoveconomy
How did religion cause the PoG?####Henry VIII’s break from RomeChanges to religious practices
Why did Henry VIII’s break from Rome?####Pope Clement VII refused to grant Henry an annulment
of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon to allow him to marry Anne Boleyn → Cromwell suggested he
become head of the church
How were there changes to religious practice?####Cromwell and Cranmer convinced Henry to make
reforms
What position did Cromwell hold?####principal secretary
What position did Cranmer hold?####Archbish o C
What reforms were made?####New Prayer Book
Def: Ten Articles####attacked religious
What Catholic traditions did the Ten Articles attack?####saintsrelicstransubstantiation
Why did Henry VIII dissolve monasteries?####need money for wars in France
How much of English land did the monasteries own?####25%
What was the annual income of the monasteries?####£200,000
How did Henry VIII dissolve the monasteries?####1536: Act of Suppression
What was the results of Henry’s actions in regard to religion?####Catholics outraged
How did gov cause the PoG?####Cromwell given influential position despite being a commoner
What was the result of Cromwell’s appointment?####outraged nobles
How did the economy cause the PoG?####crop failures and tightened inheritance laws → many in
poverty w/ no monastic support
What was the result of the country’s economy (PoG)?####many ordinary people outraged
What were the methods of the PoG?####warcommuncation
During what event was war used in the PoG?####Licolnshire RisingPoGBigod’s rebellion
When was the Lincolnshire Rising violence?####Oct 1536
What was the Lincolnshire Rising?####rebels took over St James Church for fear its silver was to be
seized
When was the PoG violence?####Oct - Dec 1536
What was the PoG violence?####30,000 rebels captured York and besieged and captured Pontefract
castle then most of northern England
When was Bigod’s rebellion?####Feb 1537
, What was Bigod’s rebellion?####Sir Francis Bigod launched a rebellion in Cumberland and
Westmorland
How was communication used in PoG?####Lincolnshire RisingPoG
How was communication part of the Lincoln Rising?####Lincolnshire Articles
What was in the Lincolnshire articles?####re open monasteriesrepeal church reformssack Thomas
Cromwellreduce taxes
How was communication used in the PoG?####Pontefract articles
What was in the Pontefract articles?####re open monasteriesreinstate Pope as head of the
churchpunish Protestant ‘heretics’establish parliament in York
How did rebels carry out peaceful protest?####wearing badges representing the 5 wounds of
Christswearing oaths of peace
How did Henry VIII respond to the PoG?####sent army led by Duke of Norfolk to York who promised
York parliament and monasteries reopening → rebels dispersed
What was the short term significance of the PoG?####mixed
How was the PoG significant short term?####largest rebellion of 16th cent including all classes
How was the PoG not significant short term?####failed: Duke of Suffolk defeated Lincolnshire
rebelsDuke of Norfolk persuaded York rebels to disperseRobert Aske duped into revealing rebels’
plans and executedaims not achieved
Who was Robert Aske?####leader and lawyer of the PoG
What was the significance of the PoG in the long term?####mixed
How was the PoG not significant in the short term?####caused Henry VIII to increase rate of reform
Eg: how did Henry VIII increased rate of reform in response to PoG?####introduced English bible 2
years later (1539)
How was the PoG significant in the long term?####made future generations more willing to protest
religious changes
What events did the PoG inspire?####Charles I’s religious reforms caused ECW
When was the Civil War?####1642 - 49
What were the causes of the English Civil War?####govreligion
How was government a cause of the ECW?####attacks on parliamentpromotion of favsextortion of
money
Why did Charles attack Parliament?####disagreed over Divine Right of Kings vs Magna Carta
How did Charles attack Parliament?####closed parliament for 11 years (1629-1640)rejected
Parliaments pleas1642: burst into Parliament w/ 500 men to arrest 5 MPs
Eg: favourites of Charles promoted by Charles?####Duke of BuckinghamEarl of Stafford
When was the Pilgrimage of Grace?####1536-37
What were the causes of the PoG?####religiongoveconomy
How did religion cause the PoG?####Henry VIII’s break from RomeChanges to religious practices
Why did Henry VIII’s break from Rome?####Pope Clement VII refused to grant Henry an annulment
of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon to allow him to marry Anne Boleyn → Cromwell suggested he
become head of the church
How were there changes to religious practice?####Cromwell and Cranmer convinced Henry to make
reforms
What position did Cromwell hold?####principal secretary
What position did Cranmer hold?####Archbish o C
What reforms were made?####New Prayer Book
Def: Ten Articles####attacked religious
What Catholic traditions did the Ten Articles attack?####saintsrelicstransubstantiation
Why did Henry VIII dissolve monasteries?####need money for wars in France
How much of English land did the monasteries own?####25%
What was the annual income of the monasteries?####£200,000
How did Henry VIII dissolve the monasteries?####1536: Act of Suppression
What was the results of Henry’s actions in regard to religion?####Catholics outraged
How did gov cause the PoG?####Cromwell given influential position despite being a commoner
What was the result of Cromwell’s appointment?####outraged nobles
How did the economy cause the PoG?####crop failures and tightened inheritance laws → many in
poverty w/ no monastic support
What was the result of the country’s economy (PoG)?####many ordinary people outraged
What were the methods of the PoG?####warcommuncation
During what event was war used in the PoG?####Licolnshire RisingPoGBigod’s rebellion
When was the Lincolnshire Rising violence?####Oct 1536
What was the Lincolnshire Rising?####rebels took over St James Church for fear its silver was to be
seized
When was the PoG violence?####Oct - Dec 1536
What was the PoG violence?####30,000 rebels captured York and besieged and captured Pontefract
castle then most of northern England
When was Bigod’s rebellion?####Feb 1537
, What was Bigod’s rebellion?####Sir Francis Bigod launched a rebellion in Cumberland and
Westmorland
How was communication used in PoG?####Lincolnshire RisingPoG
How was communication part of the Lincoln Rising?####Lincolnshire Articles
What was in the Lincolnshire articles?####re open monasteriesrepeal church reformssack Thomas
Cromwellreduce taxes
How was communication used in the PoG?####Pontefract articles
What was in the Pontefract articles?####re open monasteriesreinstate Pope as head of the
churchpunish Protestant ‘heretics’establish parliament in York
How did rebels carry out peaceful protest?####wearing badges representing the 5 wounds of
Christswearing oaths of peace
How did Henry VIII respond to the PoG?####sent army led by Duke of Norfolk to York who promised
York parliament and monasteries reopening → rebels dispersed
What was the short term significance of the PoG?####mixed
How was the PoG significant short term?####largest rebellion of 16th cent including all classes
How was the PoG not significant short term?####failed: Duke of Suffolk defeated Lincolnshire
rebelsDuke of Norfolk persuaded York rebels to disperseRobert Aske duped into revealing rebels’
plans and executedaims not achieved
Who was Robert Aske?####leader and lawyer of the PoG
What was the significance of the PoG in the long term?####mixed
How was the PoG not significant in the short term?####caused Henry VIII to increase rate of reform
Eg: how did Henry VIII increased rate of reform in response to PoG?####introduced English bible 2
years later (1539)
How was the PoG significant in the long term?####made future generations more willing to protest
religious changes
What events did the PoG inspire?####Charles I’s religious reforms caused ECW
When was the Civil War?####1642 - 49
What were the causes of the English Civil War?####govreligion
How was government a cause of the ECW?####attacks on parliamentpromotion of favsextortion of
money
Why did Charles attack Parliament?####disagreed over Divine Right of Kings vs Magna Carta
How did Charles attack Parliament?####closed parliament for 11 years (1629-1640)rejected
Parliaments pleas1642: burst into Parliament w/ 500 men to arrest 5 MPs
Eg: favourites of Charles promoted by Charles?####Duke of BuckinghamEarl of Stafford
