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Chapter 1 – Criminal Justice Today

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following is NOT one of the purposes of the criminal justice
system?
a. to control crime
b. to prevent crime
c. to provide and maintain justice
d. to create laws regarding punishments for crime
ANS: D
REF: 9
LO: 2

2. The newest variation on crime that is directly related to the increased presence of
computers in everyday life is called:
a. high-tech crime
b. white-collar crime
c. organized crime
d. public order crimes
ANS: A
REF: 9
LO: 1

3. The United States has a
__________ court system.
a. single
b. dual
c. constitutional
d. judicial
ANS: B
REF: 12
LO: 4

4. __________ is the most common correctional treatment
that also allows the offender to return to the community and still remain under
supervision.
a. Jail
b. Probation
c. Prison
d. Work ethic camp
ANS: B
REF: 13
LO: 3

,5. The __________ model of criminal justice explains how different cases
receive different treatment according to their priority in the criminal justice system.
a. crime control
b. wedding-cake
c. due process
d. correctional
ANS: B
REF: 15
LO: 4

6. What layer of the “wedding-cake” model focuses on misdemeanors?
a. top layer
b. second layer
c. third layer
d. bottom layer
ANS: D
REF: 15
LO: 4

7. Rising crime rates in the 1970s and 1980s led to:
a. a get tough on crime attitude
b. a decrease in prison admissions
c. a decrease in arrests
d. the creation of a Department of Homeland Security
ANS: A
REF: 19
LO: 5

8. __________ law enforcement officials have national jurisdiction over crime in the
United States.
a. Local
b. County
c. State
d. Federal
ANS: D
REF: 12
LO: 2

,9. __________ means that government powers are shared by the national
government and states.
a. Democracy
b. Constitutionalism
c. Federalism
d. Localism
ANS: C
REF: 10
LO: 4

10. The majority of individuals are employed in law enforcement at the __________
level?
a. local
b. state
c. federal
d. national
ANS: A
REF: 10-11
LO: 2

11. Organized crime is defined as:
a. behavior that has been labeled criminal because it is contrary to shared values,
customs and norms.
a. illegal acts carried out by illegal organizations engaged in the market for
illegal goods or services.
c. nonviolent crimes committed by business entities or individuals to gain a
personal or business advantage.
d. the interlocking network of law enforcement agencies, courts, and corrections
institutions designed to enforce criminal laws.
ANS: B
REF: 9
LO: 1

12. Principles of right and wrong behavior, as practiced by individuals or by society
are called:
a. deviance
b. discretion
c. morals
d. tenets
ANS: C
REF: 5
LO: 1

, 13. Public order crime is defined as:
a. behavior that has been labeled criminal because it is contrary to shared values,
customs and norms.
b. illegal acts carried out by illegal organizations engaged in the market for
illegal goods or services.
c. nonviolent crimes committed by business entities or individuals to gain a
personal or business advantage.
d. the interlocking network of law enforcement agencies, courts, and corrections
institutions designed to enforce criminal laws.
ANS: A
REF: 8
LO: 1

14. Crimes that appear to harm only the offender are often called _______________.
a. victimless crimes
b. status offenses
c. deviant behavior
d. discretionary offenses
ANS: A
REF: 8
LO: 1

15. Which model assumes that a diverse group of people can have similar morals; that
is, they share an ideal of what is “right” and “wrong”?
a. crime control model
b. due process model
c. conflict model
d. consensus model
ANS: D
REF: 5
LO: 1

16. In the 1970s and 1980s which model of criminal justice prevailed?
a. due process
b. crime control
c. consensus
d. wedding-cake model
ANS: B
REF: 17
LO: 5