APHY 101 Final Exam With Correct Answers

What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? Correct Answers Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, whereas physiology is the study of the function of body parts What are the levels of organization? Correct Answers subatomic particles, atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism What are the requirements of life? Correct Answers Water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure What are the characteristics of life? Correct Answers Movement (internal or gross); Responsiveness (reaction to internal or external change); Growth (increase in size without change in shape); Reproduction (new organisms or new cells); Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion (breakdown of food); Absorption (movement of substances through membranes and into fluids); Circulation (movement within body fluids); Assimilation (changing nutrients into chemically different forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic wastes) Define homeostasis Correct Answers Body's maintenance of a stable environment What is a homeostatic mechanism? Correct Answers the body maintains homeostasis through a number of self-regulating control systems; examples are regulating body temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate body pressure Define matter Correct Answers Anything that takes up space and has mass (weight). It is composed of elements. Define element Correct Answers fundamental substance composed of chemically identical atoms Define atoms Correct Answers smallest particle of an element; basic unit of matter What is the structure of an atom? Correct Answers An atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in orbit around the nucleus. Atomic nucleus Correct Answers the nucleus contains protons and neutrons Proton Correct Answers subatomic particle that has a positive charge Neutron Correct Answers subatomic particle that has no charge Electron Correct Answers subatomic particle that has a negative charge Atomic number Correct Answers number or protons in nucleus Atomic mass Correct Answers number of protons plus number of neutrons