HR (Human Reproduction) Practical Notes
Male
Sertoli cells have pale triangular nuclei
Spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid nuclei are dense, reticulated,
marginated
Epididymis is 6m
It is pseudo stratified with principal (non-motile sterocilia) and basal cells
Seminal vesicle has invaginations around central lumen
Also has principal and basal cells
Thick connective tissue, thin smooth muscle
Prostate has many individual tubes
Prostate secretes citric acid, calcium, acid phosphatase, clotting enzyme,
profibrinolysin, serine protease (PSA)
FSH and testosterone are needed for Sertoli cells to secrete fluid
● Contains androgen binding protein, 5 alpha DHT (needed to maintain
accessory sex glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) binds to
receptors in lumen)
Female
, Ovary has cortex (follicles) and medulla (connective tissue, blood vessels,
nerves)
The great majority of growing follicles become atretic and degenerate before
reaching the point of ovulation
Basement membrane separates the theca interna from the cells of the
membrane granulosa
Interstitial ovarian cells surrounding the follicles become particularly prominent
during pregnancy and they also secrete pregnancy hormones (e.g.,
progesterone)
Oviduct cilia movement towards the ovary under oestrogen dominance (helps
sperm reach oocyte) and away from the ovary under progesterone dominance
(helps fertilised oocyte reach uterus)
The oviducts have three main layers: a highly folded mucosal layer surrounding
the lumen, a muscular layer containing circular and some longitudinal smooth
muscle, and an outer vascularised serosal layer.
Pseudostratified epithelium contains alternating ciliated (round nuclei) and
secretory cells (elongated nuclei)
Male
Sertoli cells have pale triangular nuclei
Spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid nuclei are dense, reticulated,
marginated
Epididymis is 6m
It is pseudo stratified with principal (non-motile sterocilia) and basal cells
Seminal vesicle has invaginations around central lumen
Also has principal and basal cells
Thick connective tissue, thin smooth muscle
Prostate has many individual tubes
Prostate secretes citric acid, calcium, acid phosphatase, clotting enzyme,
profibrinolysin, serine protease (PSA)
FSH and testosterone are needed for Sertoli cells to secrete fluid
● Contains androgen binding protein, 5 alpha DHT (needed to maintain
accessory sex glands (seminal vesicle and prostate) binds to
receptors in lumen)
Female
, Ovary has cortex (follicles) and medulla (connective tissue, blood vessels,
nerves)
The great majority of growing follicles become atretic and degenerate before
reaching the point of ovulation
Basement membrane separates the theca interna from the cells of the
membrane granulosa
Interstitial ovarian cells surrounding the follicles become particularly prominent
during pregnancy and they also secrete pregnancy hormones (e.g.,
progesterone)
Oviduct cilia movement towards the ovary under oestrogen dominance (helps
sperm reach oocyte) and away from the ovary under progesterone dominance
(helps fertilised oocyte reach uterus)
The oviducts have three main layers: a highly folded mucosal layer surrounding
the lumen, a muscular layer containing circular and some longitudinal smooth
muscle, and an outer vascularised serosal layer.
Pseudostratified epithelium contains alternating ciliated (round nuclei) and
secretory cells (elongated nuclei)
