CRITICAL CARE FINAL 2023 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED A+

Cerebral blood vessels dilate in response to: - CORRECT ANS Increased serum carbon dioxide Pressure regulation is an autoregulatory mechanism whereby cerebral blood vessels constrict in response to: - CORRECT ANS Systemic HTN Cerebral blood flow decreases with: - CORRECT ANS -Cerebral edema -Low CO -Cerebral vasoconstriction The Monro-Kellie hypothesis states that volume increases in teh adult intracranial vault: - CORRECT ANS -Are initially well tolerated through compensatory mechanisms What component of intracranial volume is displaced most easily and rapidly? - CORRECT ANS -CSF Flexion of the neck may cause elevations in intracranial volume by: - CORRECT ANS -Causing a decrease in venous outflow What is the CPP if MAP is 95 mm Hg and ICP is 15 mm Hg? - CORRECT ANS CPP=MAP-ICP 95-15= 80 mm hg Normal cerebral perfusion pressure? - CORRECT ANS 80-100 mm Hg *Must be >70 mm Hg to ensure adequate cerebral oxygenation. Normal intracranial pressure - CORRECT ANS 0-15 mm Hg >15 mm Hg in adults for more than 5 minutes is considered elevated When ICP approaches 30 mm Hg, the components can no longer adapt to increases in volume. At this point, compliance is lost and ICP increases. This is considered a decompensated state where normal autoregulation has failed. Cerebral perfusion decreases when: A. ICP is high B. MAP is low C. ICP is same as MAP D. All of the above - CORRECT ANS A. ICP is high B. MAP is low C. ICP is same as MAP D. All of the above Cerebral edema is caused by: A. an increase in cerebral blood volume B. an increase in brain volume C. an increase in CSF D. An increase in ICP - CORRECT ANS Cerebral edema is caused by (B.) An increase in brain volume An accumulation of CSF is called: A. herniation B. hydrocephalus C. cerebral edema D. intracranial HTN - CORRECT ANS An accumulation of CSF is called: (B.) Hydrocephalus