Campbell Biology in focus, 3rd edition Test Exam Bank Chapter 042 Complete Solution 2023 Verified 100%

Campbell Biology in focus, 3rd edition Test Exam Bank Chapter 042 Complete Solution 2023 Verified 100% A 3-hectare lake in the American Midwest suddenly has succumbed an algal bloom. What is the likely cause of eutrophication in freshwater ecosystems, such as this one? correct answers Nutritional runoff A cow's herbivorous diet indicates that it is a(n) correct answers Primary consumer Approximately how many kg of carnivore biomass can be supported by a field plot containing 1,000 kg of plant material? correct answers 10 Aquatic ecosystems are most likely to be limited by which of the following nutrients? correct answers Carbon Aquatic primary productivity is most limited by which of the following? correct answers Light & nutrients Consider the food chain grass -> grasshopper -> mouse -> snake -> hawk. How much of the chemical energy fixed by photosynthesis of the grass (100%) is available to the hawk? correct answers 0.01% Corn production in many states of the Midwest is limited by nitrogen levels in the soil. Some farmers reduce the need to apply expensive anhydrous ammonia to their fields by rotating corn crops with nitrogen-fixing soybean crops. Using soybeans to add nitrogen to soils is an example of correct answers Biological augmentation For most terrestrial ecosystems, pyramids composed of species abundances, biomass, and energy are similar in that they have a broad base and a narrow top. The primary reason for this pattern is that correct answers At each step, energy is lost from the system as a result of keeping the organisms alive How do the Taylor Glacier bacteria produce their energy? correct answers Chemoautorophism How does inefficient transfer of energy among trophic levels result in the typically high endangerment status of many top-level predators? correct answers Top-level predators are destined to have small populations that are sparesly distributed How does phosphorus normally enter ecosystems? correct answers Rock weathering How is it that satellites can detect differences in primary productivity on Earth? correct answers Satellites detect differences by comparing the wavelengths of light captured & reflected by photoautotrophs to the amount of light reaching How is it that the open ocean produces the highest net primary productivity of Earth's ecosystems, yet net primary productivity per square meter is relatively low? correct answers Oceans have the largest area of all the ecosystems on Earth How is net ecosystem production (NEP) typically estimated in ecosystems? correct answers The net flux of CO2 or O2 in and out of an ecosystem If the flow of energy in an arctic ecosystem goes through a simple food chain, perhaps involving humans, starting from phytoplankton to zooplankton to fish to seals to polar bears, then which of the following could be true? correct answers The fish can potentially provide more food or humans than the seal meat can If the sun were to suddenly stop providing energy to Earth, most ecosystems would vanish. Which of the following ecosystems would likely survive the longest after this hypothetical disaster? correct answers Benthic ocean