Exam 3 NRS 440 100% Correct Answers

Organ rejection that occurs minutes to hours after transplantation due graft specific cytotoxic antibodies is - hyperacute rejection if a patient is seropositive prior to the transplant or after receiving a seropositive organ or blood transfusion that patients is at risk for developing what infection - cytomegalovirus infection posttransplant patients are at increased risk for malignancies secondary to - persistent viral infections and prolonged immunosuppressant therapy risk factors for posttranplant new onset diabetes mellitus are - organ rejection nonwhite ethnicity history of hepatitis C infection calcineurin inhibitors powerful immunosuppressant actives are directed primarily against - cytotoxic T cells without suppressing bone marrow function calcineurin inhibitors are - cyclosporine sirolimus tacrolimus calcineurin inhibitors in combination therapy with - corticosteroids to prevent rejection calcineurin inhibitors are also effective against - graft vs host disease adverse effects of calcineurin inhibitors - nephrotoxicity infection hepatotoxicity neurotoxicity hyperglycemia hirsutism gingival hyperplasia when taking calcineurin inhibitors monitor for - hypersensitivity reaction, infection, kidney and liver function, and plasma drug levels caution when using calcineurin inhibitors with - immunosuppressants other than glucocorticoids cyclosporine interaction with grapefruit and grapefruit juice - increases the drug concentration and risk for toxicity glucocorticoids - prednisone methylprednisolone a calcineurin inhibitor that is an immunosuppressant that acts against cytotoxic T cells without affecting other types of immune cells - cyclosporine long term posttransplantation steroid therapy is associated with - potentially severe bone disorders, diabetes mellitus, and cataracts corticosteroids significantly reduce the number of - T lymphocytes by interfering with production and secretion of interleukin 2 large doses of corticosteroids suppress - immuneoglobulin production of IgG and IgA and significantly impairs monocyte macrophage function steroid therapy prevents - organ rejection a major long term effect of glucocorticoids is - cushings syndrome and gastric ulcers cushings syndrome is - a hyperglycemia bruising, redistribution of fat, bone weakening, and multisystem problem s/s of cushing syndrome - fatty hump between your shoulders, a rounded face, and pink or purple stretch marks on your skin. cushing syndrome can result in - high blood pressure, bone loss and, diabetes. using steroids postoperatively can cause - decreased wound healing and increased risk fo dehiscense or tearing of the anastomosis monitor when giving glucocorticoids - serum glucose blood pressure, weight, and serum electolytes with glucocortioids educate patient on - taking with milk or food do not stop taking abruptly take at the same time daily Cytotoxic agents - mycophenolate mofetil cytotoxic agents interfere with - cell proliferation by inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis Targets B and T cell lymphocytes which cytotoxic agent is more effective than azathioprine in preventing acute rejection and is effective in rejection rescue therapy - MMF Function of monotype in immunity - Capture(phagocytize) antigen and takes them to lymphocytes F cell mediated immunity - Surveillance for malignant cell changes What immunity cell allows infants to be protected for the 1st 6 months of life - IgG A type I Hypersensitivity reaction the immunologic disorder - Releases chemical mediators from IgE (bound mast cells and basophils)