BIOLOGY 111 EXAM 1 (QUESTIONS & ANSWERS)| VERIFIED SOLUTION

BIOLOGY 111 EXAM 1 (QUESTIONS & ANSWERS)1) Evidence from the fossil record and diverse other sources has led scientists to conclude that life arose years ago. a) 6000 b) 3.7 billion c) 4.6 million d) 4.6 billion e) 14 billion 2) what event did scientists use to define the boundary between the Archean and Proterozoic eras? a) evolution of the 1st prokaryotes b) evolution of the 1st eukaryotes c) evolution of the 1st multicellular organisms d) evolution of the 1st photosynthetic organisms e) none, these are not contiguous eras 3) it is thought that small organic molecules such as nucleotides polymerized into macromolecules such as DNA a) in coacervates b) on clay surfaces c) in lighting d) inside liposomes e) by chemical selection 4) were on earth before . a) wasps, worms b) trees, seaweed c) fish, birds d) algae, seaweed 5) Bartel and Szostaks experiment using long & short synthetic RNAs were an experimental demonstration of , which gave support for the idea that . a) chemical selection, millers reducing atmosphere hypothesis was probably right b) chemical selection, RNA could have been the 1st genetic material c) artificial selection, breeding plants and animals does mimic natural selection d) natural selection, millers reducing atmosphere hypothesis was probably right e) natural selection, RNA could’ve been the 1st genetic material 6) The early earth reducing atmosphere is thought to have lacked which of the following gases? a)02 b)N2 c)CO2 d)H20 7) ancient cyanobacteria, observable in todays , were very important to the history of life because they . a) stromatolites, were the 1st truly multicellular organisms b) stromatolites, produced atmospheric oxygen c) protobionts, were the 1st truly multicellular organisms d) protobionts, produced atmospheric oxygen 8) Dinosours appeared in the fossil record during the a) preterozoic era b) hadean era c) archaen era d) Phanerozoic era 9) the cambrian explosion resulted in an abrupt increase in a) geological activity b) algal diversity c) the number & size of glaciers d) rate of continental drift e) diversity of major animal groups 10) protobiont is the term used to describe a) early cell like structure that had a boundary & enclosed organic molecules b) 1st organic molecule produced in the miller urey apparatus c) early cyanobacteria that evolved the ability to undergo photosynthesis d) organisms that evolved during the Cambrian explosion 11) The endosymbiont theory hypothesizes that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated by a) absorption of RNA from prokaryotic cells b) prokaryotic cells that became semi-autonomous inhabitants within an early eukaryotic cell c) uptake of free DNA from the environment d) eukaryotic cells working together to form the 1st multicellular organisms 12) the 1st living cells were most likely a) aerobic, photosynthetic, eukaryotic b) aerobic, photosynthetic, prokaryotic c) anaerobic, heterotrophic, prokaryotic d) anaerobic, heterotrophic, eukaryotic e) anaerobic, chemotrophic, eukaryotic 13) which macromolecule do scientists favor as the “first” to be found in protobionts? a) DNA b) RNA c) amino acids d) proteins