Fully answered AQA AS Biology Paper 2 June 2023 Bundle questions paper and Mark Scheme Included

What is a gene? [1 mark] . Describe how the production of messenger RNA (mRNA) in a eukaryote cell is different from the production of mRNA in a prokaryote cell. [2 marks] . Scientists produced a short, single-stranded, artificial nucleic acid, called PNA. The PNA binds to a small section of DNA. The scientists introduced PNA into cells and discovered that these cells produced less mRNA than cells that did not contain PNA. Suggest how PNA affected the transcription of the section of DNA. [2 marks] . Describe the role of ATP in the process of translation in protein synthesis. [2 marks] box Turn over for the next question Turn over ► . What term is used to describe the different structures of α-glucose and β-glucose? [1 mark] box . A student investigated the difference in the reducing sugar content of two fruit juices. He performed a biochemical test on each fruit juice using Benedict’s solution. He then used a colorimeter with each test result. Describe how the results from the colorimeter can identify the fruit juice containing the higher sugar content. [1 mark] . The student controlled variables in the test using Benedict’s solution. Give two variables the student controlled. [2 marks] 1