40 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS-NURS 6521 MID TERM EXAM 2023 LATEST FILE, TEST BANK

Question 1 1 out of 1 points The culture and sensitivity testing of a patient's wound exudate indicates that a specific antibiotic is necessary for treatment. The United States Pharmacopeia–National Formulary indicates that the drug in question is 96% protein bound. What are the implications of this fact? Response Feedback: A drug that is 96% protein bound has only 4% of ingested molecules free and active, a fact that is likely to necessitate a high dose of the drug. This does not result in rapid absorption and/or excretion and does not indicate a need for increased protein intake. • Question 2 1 out of 1 points Which of the following statements best defines how a chemical becomes termed a drug? Response Feedback: Even though all the responses are correct, a chemical must undergo a series of tests to determine its therapeutic value and efficacy without severe toxicity or damaging properties before it is termed a drug. Test results are reported to the FDA, which may or may not give approval. • Question 3 1 out of 1 points For which of the following patients would a nasogastric tube most likely be considered to aid in the administration of medications? Response Feedback: The use of an NG tube for medication administration requires a functioning GI tract. An NG tube would not be used if a patient is vomiting frequently or has had recent bowel surgery. Similarly, an NG tube would not be used in the case of a competent adult who wishes to discontinue his or her medications. • Question 4 1 out of 1 points A nurse is caring for a patient who has had part of her small intestine removed due to cancer. She has also now developed hypertension and has been prescribed a new medication to decrease her blood pressure. While planning the patient's care, the nurse should consider a possible alteration in which of the following aspects of pharmacokinetics? Response Feedback: Because absorption takes place mostly in the small intestine, there could be possible alterations with this process. Distribution takes place in the blood vessels; metabolism in the liver; and elimination via the kidneys. Because these systems are not affected by her surgery, these phases of pharmacokinetics would not be altered. • Question 5 1 out of 1 points A patient is treated with an antibiotic for an infection in his leg. After 2 days of taking the antibiotic, the patient calls the clinic and reports that he has a rash all over his body. The nurse is aware that a rash can be an adverse effect of an antibiotic and can be either a biologic, chemical, or physiologic action of the drug, which is an example of Response Feedback: Pharmacodynamics is the biologic, chemical, and physiologic actions of a particular drug within the body and the study of how those actions occur, including adverse effects. It is how the drug affects the body. The pharmacodynamics of a drug is responsible for its therapeutic effects and sometimes its adverse effects. Pharmacotherapeutics refers to the desired, therapeutic effect of the drug. Pharmacokinetics is the changes that occur to the drug while it is inside the body. Pharmacogenetics is the study of how genetic variables affect the pharmacodynamics of a drug in a specific patient.