Advanced Pathology NR 507- final exam (A+ GRADED)

Angle of His correct answers Creates a flap valve effect to prevent reflux and makes gastro esophageal junction longer which increases the pressure GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) correct answers A digestive disease in which stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining. Obesity makes the angle of His a widened angle which decreases the pressure at the gastro esophageal junction big fatty meals and carbonation stretches the stomach out which thins out the muscles around the stomach which decreases the pressure on the flap valve Hypotonic lower esophageal sphincter also allows reflux, as well as hiatal hernia, gastroparesis, and obesity heartburn and regurgitation are typical symptoms chest pain, hoarseness, cough, asthma, and globus (lump in throat) are atypical for classic GERD Associated symptoms are dyspepsia, epigastric pain, bloating, belching, and nausea H.Pylori bacteria is associated with GERD Barrett's esophagus correct answers caused by exposure to enzymes coming from the stomach - stomach acid does not cause this - so can have non-acid reflux Barrett's esophagus diaphram correct answers a muscle that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity also makes up the lower esophageal sphincter The top 1/3 of the esophagus is ______________ muscle. correct answers skeletal muscle the middle of the esophagus muscle is made up of...muscle correct answers skeletal and smooth muscle the bottom 1/3 of the esophagus is made up of....muscle correct answers smooth muscle simple obstruction of the GI tract correct answers result from the blockage of the intestine. Causes of simple obstructions include adhesions, hernias, tumors, or even ingestion of inorganic objects that become lodged within the intestine. intussusception, or the telescoping of the intestinal wall onto itself, is more common in children less than 2 years of age,