SCRN Medications-Exam Questions with correct Answers

Medications used for smoking cessation - Answer- Bupropion (zyban) Varenicline (Chantix) What medications are used to maintain the blood pressure parameter < 185/110 prior to tPA administration? - Answer- 1) Labetalol 10-20mg IV over 1-2 minutes 2) Nicardipine 5mg/hr IV, titrate up by 2.5mg/hr to max of 15mg/hr What medication is administered for the management of vasospasm? - Answer- Nimodipine (Nimotop) Calcium channel blocker Admin orally 60mg every 4 hours for 21 days What is the primary prevention of ischemic stroke? - Answer- Aspirin 81mg What are the actions of antiplatelets? - Answer- Decrease platelet aggregation 1) COX inhibition to decrease production of thromboxane 2) Antagonizes P2Y12 component of adenosine diophosphate (ADP) receptor 3)PDE inhibition to decrease breakdown of cyclic adenosine monophosphate 4) Antagonistic glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor Risk of bleeding increases if anticoagulants are increased when used in combination with: - Answer- Anticoagulants Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) Herbals: Ginger, Gensing, Ginko, Garlic What are the common side effects of Dipyridamole/Aspirin (Aggrenox)? - Answer- Headache in up to 40% of patients Tolerance develops in 1-2 weeks Once daily Aggrenox regimen can be used until tolerance develops to increase the usual twice daily schedule Mechanism of anticoagulants... - Answer- Decrease clot formation via various mechanisms Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex inhibition to decrease activation of vitamin K dependent clotting factors Direct inhibition of free and fibrin-bound thrombin Direct inhibition of free and clot-bound factor Xa Warfarin drug-drug and drug-food interactions: - Answer- Consistent intake of Vitamin K required Avoid binge and chronic alcohol use Potentiates effects: Herbals, antibiotics, antifungals, HIV meds, Phenytoin (Dilantin), ethanol ingestion Decreases effects: Rifampin (TB antibiotic), Vitamin K Monitoring parameters for dabigatran (pradaxa): - Answer- aPTT thrombin time