SCRN review anatomy and physiology (18 questions and answers)

Save the penumbra with - Answer- Oxygen> 94%, BP < = 185/110, Glucose 140-180 Anterior Circulation - Answer- Unilateral Deficits ICA- large vessel ACA -leg MCA-arm Posterior Circulation - Answer- Bilateral deficits Basilar-large vessel Vertebral-large vessel Cerebellar arteries - all along verts and basilar Bifurcation of common carotid to ICA & ECA - Answer- likely place for stenosis Collateral circulation - Answer- provided by the circle of willis Frontal lobe - Answer- MOTOR, personality, Broccas area(non fluent aphasia: expressive) Temporal lobe - Answer- Seizure, Wernickes( fluent aphasia; receptive), hearing Parietal lobe - Answer- Sensory, neglect, Anosognosia Anosognosia - Answer- unaware of the existence of a disability occipital lobe - Answer- Vision TIA with visual deficits - Answer- opthalmic artery catches plaque flicked off from carotids Basal Ganglia - Answer- coordination of muscle movement Thalamus - Answer- sensory director Hypothalamus - Answer- coordinates autonomic nervous system and pituitary function. Body temperature, thirst, hunger, sleep, and emotional activity Cerebellum - Answer- coordination and balance: lesions cause ipsilateral deficits; edema causes compression -obstruction of 4th ventricle gaze preference - Answer- towards stroke Infarction of the pons - Answer- Locked in syndrome- total paralysis below the level of the nucleus of the 3rd nerve, able to open eyes, follow commands with eyes, NO MOTOR MOVEMENT Stroke Syndromes Left (dominant Hemisphere) - Answer- Left gaze preference, right hononomous hemianopia, right hemiparesis- plegia, right hemisensory loss, aphasia Stroke Syndromes Right (non-dominant hemisphere) - Answer- right gaze preference, Left hononomous hemianopia, left hemiparesis/plegia, let sided neglect, left hemisensory loss Stroke Syndromes Brain stem - Answer- Decreased LOC (RAS), diplopia, dysconjugate gaze, gaze palsy, hemiparesis or quadriplegia, dysarthria, dysphagia, vertigo, tinnitus, N/V, Hiccups, abnormal respiration's Stroke Syndromes Medulla - Answer- Wallenburg- nystagmus, Horner's sign, facial sensory loss, pain and temp loss Horner's sign - Answer- ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis ICH - Answer- change in LOC, sleepy, decreased eye opening, focal deficits r/t location of the blood, HA, NV