Pneumothorax - Summary Notes

More Pneumothorax
Air in pleural cavity, due to rupture of
lung/chest wall Risk Factors:
causing lung collapse.
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Male OGD
I
I
- -




Type Respiratory
1 Failure via V/amismatch. Tall,
skinny -CF
/zo
·
Causes
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-


FH
↑ -


Asthma

Types: Smoking
· -




mryspontaneousgrewmothoraxspontaneous occurwithweunderlyinglung
disease


other causes:

Secondary Pneumothorax: occurs with
underlyinglung disease.
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Pneumonia/TB
·
most common in COPD, then asthma and
cystic Fibrosis exacerbations. -

Marfan's,
high mortality. Ehlers Danlos
·

More severe,
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Traumatic Pneumothorax: occurs due to knife/rib penetration, trauma,
blunt aspiration.
Requires Chestdrain
Surgery.
·
or




Tension Pneumothorax: pleural cavity pressure atmospheric pressure.
·
can cause mediastinal shiftand diaphragm depression.
·
Presents with decreased venous return, hypotension, tachycardia.
Treatment:needle aspiration/decompression.
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Investigations: symptoms/Signs:
· ·




CXR:
lung markings, Acute Dyspnoea /
·

SOB
-


no

with lung margin or collapsed
lung. pleuritic CP
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Hypotension Tachycardia (Tension)
-

+

·
If Tension Pneumothorax
is suspected,
delay
don't aspiration by doing (XR. Reduced Chest expansion
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HyperresonantPercussion
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definitive.
Management:Chestdrain is Reduced Breath Sounds
· -




-


Deviated Trachea (Tension)
109.:2cm discharge
=

and monitor
chestdrain ifneeded. TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX
2cm aspirate
· =


+




209.:<2cm aspirate
=




·
2cm chest drain
=


SIMPLE PNEUMOTHORAX


Tension P.:needle aspiration via
2nd interc. space mid-clavicular line.
chestdrain after aspiration.
insert


·
drain is used in 1/2°9.
Chest if

pneumonia persists after aspiration.
·
drain is inserted into axilla
Chest
triangle.