NBME 18 Test Questions With Answers

NBME 18 Test Questions With Answers A deficiency in what causes infantile neonatal RDS? - CORRECT ANSWER - lethicin - aka dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine L/S has to be greater than 2 Patient with long history of type 1 diabetes has loose stools for 1 year. Stool shows no abnormalities. Pathophysiologic mechanism most likely for cause of diarrhea? - CORRECT ANSWER Diabetic diarrhea - type of autonomic neuropathy - occurs usually at night, is watery and painless, and can be associated with fecal incontinence - Bouts of diarrhea can be episodic, along with intermittently normal bowel habits or even alternating with periods of constipation. Ciprofloxacin use would be contraindicated if taking? - CORRECT ANSWER - calcium carbonate *Multivalent (calcium, iron, magnesium) cations decrease absorption same with doxycycline Most likely cause of primary pericarditis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Viral *more likely due to picornavirus Virus with viral particles with a wheel-like shape - CORRECT ANSWER Rotavirus Is a type of Reovirus which is: double-stranded RNA, segmented, naked, icosahedral Red pulp of spleen - CORRECT ANSWER - composed of connective tissue known as cords of Billroth and many splenic sinuses that are engorged with blood - *primary function is to filter the blood antigens, microorganisms, and defective or worn-out red blood cells* -Somone who underwent splenectomy and had a blood count showing target erythrocytes indicates a loss of function of the red pulp of the spleen greening reaction on blood agar - CORRECT ANSWER - indicates alpha hemolysis aka strep pneumo, viridans, mutans, mitts *beta hemolysis is clear on blood agar and gamma shows no hemolysis Indole test is used to differentiate between - CORRECT ANSWER - E. coli and Klebsiella - adding tryptophan to the culture, *E. coli* will split indole from tryptophan but Klebsiella won't E. coli (+)= pink Klebsiella (-)= yellow They are both gram - rods, fast lactose fermenters, and both can cause nosocomial UTIs When giving a drug that causes myelosuppression, it is most appropriate to include monitoring of what? - CORRECT ANSWER - neutrophil count When we talk about drugs that cause bone marrow suppression (Clozapine, Carbamazepine, PTU/Methimazole, Colchicine), we're mostly worried about neutropenia, leading to infections.