Orthopedic APEA Question and answers already solved 2023

Orthopedic APEA Question and answers already solved 2023OA Description (2) - Progressive destruction of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone accompanied by osteophyte formation and sclerosis. (bone on bone) - Confined to the joints (Synovial joint) OA RF (5) - Obesity - Age40 - Trauma - FX hx - Overuse OA SX - Asymmetrical joint pain - Morning stiffness 30mins/ 1hr - Limited ROM - Tenderness at joint line - Bony swelling - Instability Most common joints affected by OA? (6) - Knees - Hips - Cervical spine - Lumbar spine - Finger joints DIP & PIP - First CMC & MTP joints Joint Pain Red Flags SX (5) - Abdominal pain (intensity or duration unusual for OA; persistent) - Knee effusion - Age 50 y (non-menopausal women) swelling of fingers/hands - Isolated MCP involvement and or psoriasis - Several joints affected OA DX (8) * Based on Hx - Joint pain - Age 45 - AM stiffness 30min - XR = joint narrowing or osteophyte - Tenderness along joint line - Limited ROM - Joint deformity - Instability - OA NonRX (5) - Exercise (Mainstay*) - Braces - Wt loss - Pt. education -Heat OA RX - NSAIDS: only use when sx are present! - Watch for GI, cardiac, renal complications! - Blackbox: increased risk for MI & CVA OA goal Goals of therapy are to minimize pain and optimize functioning while targeting modifiable risk factors; RA Description (4) - Autoimmune Disease - Symmetrical - Peripheral Polyarthritis (no spine) - Leads to joint deformity and destruction RA Etiology / RF (5) - Unknown - Genetic - Female - Age 40 - Obesity RA SX - Joint pain at rest & w/ movement 1hr - Symmetrical - Heberdens nodes DIP - Bouchards nodes PIP - Wt loss - Depression - Fatigue RA DX Criteria (4 domains) 1. Number of sites involved joints (3 or more) 2. Stereological abnormality (RF or anti-CPP): anticitrullinated peptide/protein AB 3. Elevated ESR or CRP ( C reactive protein) good measure for active disease 4. Symptoms persist at least 6 weeks 6/10points