Neurology- APEA Question and answer rated A+ 2023

Neurology- APEA Question and answer rated A+ 2023Bell's Palsy: Description Disruption of facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) that results in interruption of messages to brain. Bell's Palsy: Etiology (5) 1. Edema, inflammation or compression of CN 7 (facial) 2. Idiopathic 3. Viral Illnesses (Reactivation of the HSV) 4. Cold climates 5. Facial Trauma Bell's Palsy: RF (9) -Lyme disease* -Third trimester of pregnancy -Family history -Headaches -Chronic middle ear infection -High blood pressure -Diabetes -Sarcoidosis -Tumors Bell's Palsy: SX (lots) - Symptoms begin suddenly* - Unilateral facial paralysis * - Unable to wrinkle forehead** - Numbness/Tingling - Loss of nasolabial fold - Drooping of eyelid* - Drooping of conner of mouth* - Drooling - Dryness (mouth/eye)* - Excessive tearing/inadequate tearing - Ipsilateral loss of taste* - Ringing in one or both ears - Impaired speech Difficulty eating or drinking Bell's Palsy: DX - Clinical presentation - Lyme titer? - CT r/o cva Bell's Palsy: NonRX RX (2) - Eye drops*, close and cover affected eye at night, warm moist heat, massage 1. Oral steroids *Mainstay!Improves outcomes *Must start within 3 days of onset * Tapered Prednisone PO x 10 days 16y 2. Oral Antivirals * Acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir * Use w/ oral steroids! start w/in 72 hrs Bell's Palsy: Prognosis (4) - Recovery times vary - SX improve w/in 2 weeks - Complete recovery typical in 4-6 months - In rare cases, permanently impaired facial function Trigeminal Neuralgia: Description Etiology - A severe, sharp, unilateral stabbing pain in the distribution of one or more branches of the 5th cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve) - Compression of the 5th cranial nerve from structural abnormality or idiopathic cause Trigeminal Neuralgia: RF (5) - Women - Age 50-60 - Multiple sclerosis - CVA - HTN