PNUR 124
Quiz 3 Study Guide
Week 7 Learning Outcomes
1. Define the following ethical principles:
• Ethical dilemma
o A conflict between two sets of human values, both of which are judged to be “good” but
neither of which can be fully served.
o Ethical dilemmas can cause distress and confusion for patients and caregivers.
• Ethical conflict
o occurs when people perceive their duties as inconsistent with their duties and
responsibilities toward other groups (including oneself).
o In the field of ethical conflict, the four forms or categories of ethical conflict identified
are: moral uncertainty, moral dilemma, moral distress, and moral outrage.
• Moral distress
o Moral distress occurs when one feels unable to take what they believe to be an ethically
appropriate or right course of action, including avoiding wrongdoing or harm, because
of institutionalized obstacles.
• Truthfulness
o Seeking to learn the truth and communicate it accurately to other people are virtues
that are necessary to a common form of life characterized by trust, respect, and the
protection of human dignity.
2. Discuss the impact of the Call to Action of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada on
nursing practice.
● Calls to Action regarding healthcare:
o 22. We call upon those who can effect change within the Canadian health-care system
to recognize the value of Aboriginal healing practices and use them in the treatment of
Aboriginal patients in collaboration with Aboriginal healers and Elders where requested
by Aboriginal patients.
o 23. We call upon all levels of government to:
§ i. Increase the number of Aboriginal professionals working in the health-care
field.
§ ii. Ensure the retention of Aboriginal health-care providers in Aboriginal
communities.
§ iii. Provide cultural competency training for all healthcare professionals.
o 24. We call upon medical and nursing schools in Canada to require all students to take a
course dealing with Aboriginal health issues, including the history and legacy of
residential schools, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples,
Treaties and Aboriginal rights, and Indigenous teachings and practices. This will require
skills-based training in intercultural competency, conflict resolution, human rights, and
anti-racism.
3. Explore the key tenets of the CNO Ethical Practice Standards and the nurses' responsibilities around
client advocacy.
1
,PNUR 124
● Nurses demonstrate regard for client choice by:
o Advocating for clients to acquire information before consenting to, or refusing, care,
treatment or to be a research participant
● Nurses demonstrate regard for respect for life by:
o Advocating for palliative measures when active treatment is withheld.
● Nurses demonstrate a regard for maintaining commitments to clients by:
o Advocating for maintaining quality client care
● Nurses demonstrate regard for maintaining commitments to quality practice settings by:
o Advocating for nursing input into policies relating to client care
● Nurse leaders also demonstrate their commitment to quality practice settings by:
o Providing, and/or advocating for, needed resources for safe, effective, and ethical
nursing care.
● Nurses demonstrate a regard for truthfulness by:
o Discussing clients’ direct questions about their diagnosis with the health care team and
advocating for the clients’ right to receive the information.
● Nurses demonstrate regard for fairness by:
o Advocating for input into policies and procedures about the use of resources
o Advocating for adequate resources to provide safe, effective and ethical nursing care.
o Working with other health care professionals to advocate for social changes that
promote quality practice settings and client well-being
4. Explain the ethical framework and its relevance in promoting client's rights, and cultural safety in the
practice setting.
● Consideration of ethical issues is an essential component of providing care within the
therapeutic nurse-client relationship.
● Nurses encounter ethical conflict, uncertainty, and distress in their everyday practice.
● Continuous changes in the health care system, in areas such as technology and in values,
contribute to these ethical dilemmas.
● Understanding and communicating beliefs and values helps nurses to prevent ethical conflicts
and to work through them when they do occur.
● There are many ways to understand and work through ethical situations.
● This ethical framework is designed to provide nurses with direction in identifying and resolving
ethical situations.
5. Discuss the lived experiences of the Indigenous populations related to health disparities,
marginalization, and the role of the nurse in health advocacy.
6. Identify relevant available resources in addressing ethical dilemmas related to client’s access to
equitable healthcare services/resources.
7. Reflect on individual and interprofessional collaboration in advocating for equitable allocation of
resources and healthcare access for vulnerable and diverse client populations.
Week 8 Study Guide
2
, PNUR 124
Discuss the nursing role in the prevention and transmission of infectious respiratory conditions in the
hospital and in community settings.
● Wear appropriate PPE
● Hand hygiene
● Chain of Infection
Structures of the Respiratory System
Normal Respiratory Process
3
Quiz 3 Study Guide
Week 7 Learning Outcomes
1. Define the following ethical principles:
• Ethical dilemma
o A conflict between two sets of human values, both of which are judged to be “good” but
neither of which can be fully served.
o Ethical dilemmas can cause distress and confusion for patients and caregivers.
• Ethical conflict
o occurs when people perceive their duties as inconsistent with their duties and
responsibilities toward other groups (including oneself).
o In the field of ethical conflict, the four forms or categories of ethical conflict identified
are: moral uncertainty, moral dilemma, moral distress, and moral outrage.
• Moral distress
o Moral distress occurs when one feels unable to take what they believe to be an ethically
appropriate or right course of action, including avoiding wrongdoing or harm, because
of institutionalized obstacles.
• Truthfulness
o Seeking to learn the truth and communicate it accurately to other people are virtues
that are necessary to a common form of life characterized by trust, respect, and the
protection of human dignity.
2. Discuss the impact of the Call to Action of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada on
nursing practice.
● Calls to Action regarding healthcare:
o 22. We call upon those who can effect change within the Canadian health-care system
to recognize the value of Aboriginal healing practices and use them in the treatment of
Aboriginal patients in collaboration with Aboriginal healers and Elders where requested
by Aboriginal patients.
o 23. We call upon all levels of government to:
§ i. Increase the number of Aboriginal professionals working in the health-care
field.
§ ii. Ensure the retention of Aboriginal health-care providers in Aboriginal
communities.
§ iii. Provide cultural competency training for all healthcare professionals.
o 24. We call upon medical and nursing schools in Canada to require all students to take a
course dealing with Aboriginal health issues, including the history and legacy of
residential schools, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples,
Treaties and Aboriginal rights, and Indigenous teachings and practices. This will require
skills-based training in intercultural competency, conflict resolution, human rights, and
anti-racism.
3. Explore the key tenets of the CNO Ethical Practice Standards and the nurses' responsibilities around
client advocacy.
1
,PNUR 124
● Nurses demonstrate regard for client choice by:
o Advocating for clients to acquire information before consenting to, or refusing, care,
treatment or to be a research participant
● Nurses demonstrate regard for respect for life by:
o Advocating for palliative measures when active treatment is withheld.
● Nurses demonstrate a regard for maintaining commitments to clients by:
o Advocating for maintaining quality client care
● Nurses demonstrate regard for maintaining commitments to quality practice settings by:
o Advocating for nursing input into policies relating to client care
● Nurse leaders also demonstrate their commitment to quality practice settings by:
o Providing, and/or advocating for, needed resources for safe, effective, and ethical
nursing care.
● Nurses demonstrate a regard for truthfulness by:
o Discussing clients’ direct questions about their diagnosis with the health care team and
advocating for the clients’ right to receive the information.
● Nurses demonstrate regard for fairness by:
o Advocating for input into policies and procedures about the use of resources
o Advocating for adequate resources to provide safe, effective and ethical nursing care.
o Working with other health care professionals to advocate for social changes that
promote quality practice settings and client well-being
4. Explain the ethical framework and its relevance in promoting client's rights, and cultural safety in the
practice setting.
● Consideration of ethical issues is an essential component of providing care within the
therapeutic nurse-client relationship.
● Nurses encounter ethical conflict, uncertainty, and distress in their everyday practice.
● Continuous changes in the health care system, in areas such as technology and in values,
contribute to these ethical dilemmas.
● Understanding and communicating beliefs and values helps nurses to prevent ethical conflicts
and to work through them when they do occur.
● There are many ways to understand and work through ethical situations.
● This ethical framework is designed to provide nurses with direction in identifying and resolving
ethical situations.
5. Discuss the lived experiences of the Indigenous populations related to health disparities,
marginalization, and the role of the nurse in health advocacy.
6. Identify relevant available resources in addressing ethical dilemmas related to client’s access to
equitable healthcare services/resources.
7. Reflect on individual and interprofessional collaboration in advocating for equitable allocation of
resources and healthcare access for vulnerable and diverse client populations.
Week 8 Study Guide
2
, PNUR 124
Discuss the nursing role in the prevention and transmission of infectious respiratory conditions in the
hospital and in community settings.
● Wear appropriate PPE
● Hand hygiene
● Chain of Infection
Structures of the Respiratory System
Normal Respiratory Process
3
