Biotech BACE Exam Question and Answer 2023

The process of making RNA from DNA - Transcription The process by which RNA is decoded and polypeptides are formed - Translation Autonomously replicating small circles of DNA present in some bacteria - Plasmids Modifications of DNA in an organism - Genetic engineering Parkinson's, diabetes, and cystic fibrosis (CF) are examples of - Genetic disorders Organism that does not have nucleus or membrane bound organelle, so DNA in contained in cytoplasm - Prokaryotes Help researchers measure the amount of protein present - Concentration assays Determines the amount and length of activity for a given enzyme or drug in a test organism - Potency assays Tests that show if a specific enzyme or drug is present and conducting the expected reaction - Activity assays A highly specific test to determine protein concentration based in a particular antigen-antibody interaction - ELISA Test used for understanding the relationship between dosage and activity of a given pharmaceutical drug - PK/PD assays Tests for determining the presence or a particular characteristic of a protein of interest - Assays An aqueous solution and yields hydrogen ion when ionized - Acid A solution that resists changes in pH - Buffer The measurement of the concentration of hydrogen ion in a sample - pH The separation of molecules on or through a stationary phase - Chromatography Quantitative study of electromagnetic spectra deals with visible light, near-ultraviolet, and near-infrared light source - Spectrophotometry Form of liquid chromatography used to separate compounds that are dissolved in solution. Instruments consist of a reservoir of mobile phase, a pump, an injector, a separation column, and a detector. - HPLC Defined as "the moles of solute per liter of solution" - Molarity The use of an electric field to separate DNA in agarose - Electrophoresis Which of the following is an example of a product easily found in nature? - Antibiotic In a biotechnology lab, tap water is best used for: - Washing glassware the order of amino acids on a polypeptide chain is encoded by: - mRNA How do DNA molecules vary from one species to another? - Number of genes and non-coding regions What is agar? - Solid media on which bacteria grow