HESI A2 (NURSING ADMISSION TEST) NEW FILE TESTED- 2023 BIOLOGY
BIOLOGY
Mitral Valve Lies between left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA)
Chemoreceptor is stimulated by increase in CO2 and decrease in arterial pH
How many chromosomes at the end of meiosis? 23
Elbow has a synovial fluid protecting the Hinge joints
Common otitis media in the eustachian tube of kids because their eustachian tubes are shorter
"Master gland" is the pituitary
What produces oocytes, estrogen, & progesterone? ovaries
How many days in a menstrual cycle? 28
what membrane lines external organs? mucous membrane
what is breathing controlled by medulla oblongata and pons
static
cardiorespiratory system
dynamic
circulatory system
red blood cells
respiratory system
white blood cells
nervous system
platelets
,standstill
moving at same rate
transports hemoglobin
fight infections
slow blood flow (clotting)
removing unwanted
substances
provides oxygen and
nutrients
nose, sinuses, pharynx,
larynx, trachea, lungs, etc.
CNS and PNS
,sympathetic fight or flight
parasympathetic normal condition
neuroendocrine system thalamus and hypothalamus
gastrointestinal system processes nutrients
urinary system kidneys, ureter, bladder, urethra, etc.
musculoskeletal system bones, tendons, muscles, joints, ligaments, etc.
3 types of skin epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
How many bones in skull? 28 (14 facial, 14 cranial)
How many bones in verterbral column? 33
How many phalanges? 56
How many pairs of ribs? 12
Abdominopelvic Cavity composed of the abdomen and pelvis
Absorption Movement of nutrients from the digestive tube to the bloodstream
Actin Protein making up the I Band of the sarcomere
Amino Acid The building block of proteins
Antibody Special proteins that protect the body from foreign substances
ATP Abbreviation for Adenosine triphosphate, which is the energy of the cell. In muscles, this
energy causes filaments to slide together to produce contraction.
Atria Upper chambers of the heart; receives blood
, Blood Consists of approximately 55% plasma and 45% formed elements (erythrocytes,
leukocytes, and platelets). Serves to transport oxygen and nutrients to body cells and to carry
away carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes
Plasma Contains about 10% proteins, ions, nutrients, waste products, and hormones, which are
dissolved or suspended in water.
Formed Element Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets; produced from stem cells in red bone marrow.
Tricuspid Valve Valve on the right side of the heart between the atrium and ventricle
Bicuspid Valve Valve on the left side of the heart between the atrium and ventricle
Semilunar Valve Found at the entrances of the pulmonary trunk and the aorta.
Sinoatrial Node Initiates the heart's intrinsic beat
Electrocardiogram Measurement of the wave of electrical activity within the heart
Systole Contraction phase of the cardiac cycle
Diastole Relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle
Muscle Contraction Results in the sliding together of actin and myosin filaments within the muscle cell or fiber
Necessary for growth and repair. The DNA is duplicated and distributed to 2 daughter cells.
Mitosis
Special cell division that takes place in the gonads. Chromosome number is reduced
from 46 to 23 so wen the egg and the sperm unite in fertilization the zygote will have the
Meiosis correct number of chromosomes.
The largest organ in the body. Consists of the epidermis and the dermis.
Skin Outer, most protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells. Contain Melanin.
Stratum corneum - stratum lucidum - stratum granulosum - stratum germinativum (outer
Epidermis layer to inner).
Underlying layer composed of fibrous connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve
Dermis
BIOLOGY
Mitral Valve Lies between left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA)
Chemoreceptor is stimulated by increase in CO2 and decrease in arterial pH
How many chromosomes at the end of meiosis? 23
Elbow has a synovial fluid protecting the Hinge joints
Common otitis media in the eustachian tube of kids because their eustachian tubes are shorter
"Master gland" is the pituitary
What produces oocytes, estrogen, & progesterone? ovaries
How many days in a menstrual cycle? 28
what membrane lines external organs? mucous membrane
what is breathing controlled by medulla oblongata and pons
static
cardiorespiratory system
dynamic
circulatory system
red blood cells
respiratory system
white blood cells
nervous system
platelets
,standstill
moving at same rate
transports hemoglobin
fight infections
slow blood flow (clotting)
removing unwanted
substances
provides oxygen and
nutrients
nose, sinuses, pharynx,
larynx, trachea, lungs, etc.
CNS and PNS
,sympathetic fight or flight
parasympathetic normal condition
neuroendocrine system thalamus and hypothalamus
gastrointestinal system processes nutrients
urinary system kidneys, ureter, bladder, urethra, etc.
musculoskeletal system bones, tendons, muscles, joints, ligaments, etc.
3 types of skin epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
How many bones in skull? 28 (14 facial, 14 cranial)
How many bones in verterbral column? 33
How many phalanges? 56
How many pairs of ribs? 12
Abdominopelvic Cavity composed of the abdomen and pelvis
Absorption Movement of nutrients from the digestive tube to the bloodstream
Actin Protein making up the I Band of the sarcomere
Amino Acid The building block of proteins
Antibody Special proteins that protect the body from foreign substances
ATP Abbreviation for Adenosine triphosphate, which is the energy of the cell. In muscles, this
energy causes filaments to slide together to produce contraction.
Atria Upper chambers of the heart; receives blood
, Blood Consists of approximately 55% plasma and 45% formed elements (erythrocytes,
leukocytes, and platelets). Serves to transport oxygen and nutrients to body cells and to carry
away carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes
Plasma Contains about 10% proteins, ions, nutrients, waste products, and hormones, which are
dissolved or suspended in water.
Formed Element Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets; produced from stem cells in red bone marrow.
Tricuspid Valve Valve on the right side of the heart between the atrium and ventricle
Bicuspid Valve Valve on the left side of the heart between the atrium and ventricle
Semilunar Valve Found at the entrances of the pulmonary trunk and the aorta.
Sinoatrial Node Initiates the heart's intrinsic beat
Electrocardiogram Measurement of the wave of electrical activity within the heart
Systole Contraction phase of the cardiac cycle
Diastole Relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle
Muscle Contraction Results in the sliding together of actin and myosin filaments within the muscle cell or fiber
Necessary for growth and repair. The DNA is duplicated and distributed to 2 daughter cells.
Mitosis
Special cell division that takes place in the gonads. Chromosome number is reduced
from 46 to 23 so wen the egg and the sperm unite in fertilization the zygote will have the
Meiosis correct number of chromosomes.
The largest organ in the body. Consists of the epidermis and the dermis.
Skin Outer, most protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells. Contain Melanin.
Stratum corneum - stratum lucidum - stratum granulosum - stratum germinativum (outer
Epidermis layer to inner).
Underlying layer composed of fibrous connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve
Dermis
