ALL Peds HESI/Latest 2023 Correctly answered and verified

1. list two contraindications to live virus immunization: immunocompromised child a child in a household with an immunocompromised individual 2. list three classic signs and symptoms of measles: photophobia confluent rash that begins on the face and spreads downward Koplik spots on the buccal mucosa 3. list the signs and symptoms of iron deficiency: anemia; pale conjunctive; pale skin; atrophy of papillae on tongue; brittle, ridged, or spoon-shaped nails; and thyroid edema 4. identify food sources of vitamin A: liver, sweet potatoes, carrots, spinach, peaches and apricots 5. what disease occurs with vitamin C deficiency?: Scurvy 6. List the signs and symptosm of dehydration in an infant: Poor skin turgor, absence of tears, dry mucous membranes, weight loss, depressed fontanel, and decreased urinary output 7. list the laboratory findings that can be expected in a dehydrated child: loss of bicarbonated/decreased pH loss of sodium (hyponatremia) loss of potassium (hypokalemia) elevated Hct and elevated BUN 8. How should burns in child be assessed?: by using the Lund-Browder chart, which takes into account the changing proportions of the child's body 9. how should a parent be instructed to child-proof a house?: lock all cabinets safely store all toxic household items in a locked cabinets examine the house from the child's point of view 10. What intervention should the nurse perform first in caring for a child who has ingested a poison?: assessment of the child's respiratory, cardiac, and neurological status 11. What early signs should the nurse assess for if lead poisoning is suspect- ed?: anemia, acute cramping, abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, anorexia, headache, lethargy, hyperactivity, aggression, impulsiveness, decreased interest in play, irritability, short attention span 12. describe the purpose of bronchodilators: to reverse bronchospasm 13. what are the physical assessment findings for a child with asthma?: Ex- piratory wheezing, rales, tight cough, and signs of altered blood gases 14. What nutritional support should be provided for a child with cystic fibro- sis?: pancreatic enzyme replacement, fat-soluble vitamins, and moderate to low carbohydrates, high protein, moderate to high fat diet 15. Why is genetic counseling important for the family of a child with cystic fibrosis?: because the disease is autosomal recessive in its genetic pattern 16. List seven signs of respiratory distress in a pediatric client: restlessness tachycardia tachypnea diaphoresis flaring nostrils retractions grunting 17. describe the care of a child in a mist tent: monitor child's temperature, keep tent edges tucked in, keep clothing dry, assess respiratory status, look at child inside tent 18. what position does a child with epiglottitis assume?: upright sitting, with chin out and tongue protruding (tripod positioning) 19. Why are IV fluids important for a child with an increased respiratory rate?: The child is at risk for dehydration and acid-base imbalances 20. Children with chronic otitis media are at risk for developing what prob- lem?: hearing loss 21. What is the most common postoperative complication following a ton- sillectomy? Describe the signs and symptoms of this complication: Hemor- rhage frequent swallowing, vomiting fresh blood, and clearing throat 22. Differentiate between right-to-left and a left-to-right shunt in cardiac dis- ease: a right-to-left shunt bypasses the lungs and delivers unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation causing cyanosis a left-to-right shunt moves oxygenated blood back through the pulmonary circula- tion 23. list the four defects associated with tetralogy of fallot: VSD overriding aorta pulmonary stenosis right ventricular hypertrophy 24. list the common signs of cardiac problems in an infant: poor feeding poor weight