Behavioral Med Exam 2 Latest 2023 (100% Correct Answers & Explanations with Complete Solutions)

1. What are some other names used by society to describe PTSD? - battle fatigue - shell shock - soldier's heart 2. What is PTSD? - when a pt has increased stress or anxiety following exposure to a traumatic or stressful event 3. Who is most likely to suffer from PTSD? - young children and elderly pts 4. What type of event is typically the root cause of a male developing PTSD? - combat 5. What type of event is typically the root cause of a female developing PTSD? - sexual assault 6. T or F: Most people, when faced w/ a trauma, will experience PTSD symptoms? - false 7. What is the most important risk factor for PTSD? - the severity, duration, and proximity of a person's exposure to the actual trauma 8. What are some risk factors for PTSD? - childhood trauma, personality disorder, poor support system, genetic predisposition to psych illness, recent stressor, recent excessive alcohol intake, etc. 9. How common is it for a pt w/ PTSD to also suffer from comorbid psych disorders? - very likely - 2/3 will have at least 2 other disorders 10. What comorbid disorders are most commonly seen in pts w/ PTSD? - depressive disorder, substance-related disorder, anxiety disorder, and bipolar disorder 11. What is the causative factor in the development of PTSD? - the stressor which leads to a response of intense horror or fear 12. T or F: In order to develop PTSD a pt only needs an exposure to a stressor? - false - there must also be an intense fear or horror related 13. What are some factors that play a role in the etiology of PTSD? - stressor, psychodynamics, cognitive behavioral, biological 14. PTSD dx includes symptoms in which 3 domains? - intrusion symptoms, avoiding symptoms, and symptoms of increased arousal 15. What is the common cycle of symptoms associated w/ PTSD? - ...arousal - avoidance - intrusive - arousal - avoidance - intrusive...etc. worse during stressful periods 16. What types of symptoms would be considered intrusion symptoms in PTSD? - flashbacks, dreams, stress reactions, etc. 17. How many intrusion symptoms must a pt have in order to be dx w/ PTSD? - at least 1 18. What types of symptoms would be considered avoiding symptoms in PTSD? - anhedonia, reduced memory of events related to trauma, avoidance of thoughts/activities related to the trauma, etc. 19. What types of symptoms would be considered symptoms of increased arousal in PTSD? - insomnia, irritability, hypervigilance, etc. 20. What is considered Gulf War Syndrome? - a condition which was found to occur in pts who were a part of the Gulf War 21. What types of symptoms may be seen w/ Gulf War Syndrome? - irritability, chronic fatigue, SOB, myalgias, arthralgias, HA, difficulty concentrating, rash, hair loss 22. What are some good prognostic indicators for PTSD? - rapid onset of symptoms, 6 months, good premorbid functioning, strong support, absence of other psych illnesses 23. How soon after a traumatic event must the symptoms of PTSD present in order to be considered a dx of PTSD? - any time after (could be days to weeks to years) 24. How do you tx a pt w/ PTSD? - destigmatize the dx, find support groups for pt and family, have discussions at pt's pace, educate about coping mechanisms, psych referral for CBT or hypnosis, and meds 25. What should psychotherapy focus on in pts w/ PTSD? - exposure therapy and stress management 26. What medications are used to tx PTSD? - SSRIs = 1st line, buspirone (buspar), TCAs, anticonvulsants 27. Which SSRIs are best to tx PTSD? - sertraline (zoloft) and paroxetine (paxil) 28. Which TCAs can be used to tx PTSD? - imipramine (tofranil) and amitryptyline (elavil) 29. Who is more likely to be prescribed a TCA for PTSD? - elderly pts or those who have been on them for a while 30. Which anticonvulsants can be used to tx PTSD? - carbamazepine (tegretol) and valproate (depakote) 31. What is adjustment disorder? - emotional or behavioral sx that develops w/in 3 m of an exposure to a stressor 32. How long does adjustment disorder typically last? - rarely lasts more than 6 m after the stressor has ended 33. Who is most likely to suffer from adjustment disorder? - F M, children (more behavioral sx), hospitalized pts 34. What are some common stressors in adults leading to adjustment disorder? - finances, medical illness, relationships, work, etc. 35. What are some common stressors in children leading to adjustment disorder? - school, parental rejection, divorce, substance abuse at home, etc. 36. What are the subtypes of adjustment disorder? - AD + depressed mood, mixed anxiety/depression, conduct disturbance, mixed emotional/conduct disturbance, features of acute stress disorder or PTSD, bereavement 37. What are some emotional s/s of adjustment disorder? - sad, hopeless, crying spells, nervous, anxious, worried, desperate, insomnia, difficulty concentrating, overwhelmed, suicidal thoughts, anhedonia, etc.