PALS 2020 Low flow O2 systems exam with complete solutions

PALS 2020 Low flow O2 systems A low flow delivery system does what? - ANSWER-Delivers air through a nasal cannula or a simple mask that does not fit tightly against the childs face. Low flow systems provide how much inspired O2 concentration? Who uses them? - ANSWER-22- 60% Used for stable children who require a low inspired O2 concentration, such a when a child is not in severe respiratory distress or shock Examples of low flow systems? - ANSWER-Nasal cannula and simple mask O2 flow rate for nasal cannula - ANSWER-0.25 to 4 L/min Simple mask flow rate? - ANSWER-6-10 L/min Inspired O2 concentration of 35- 60% Why cant the simple mask deliver inspired O2 concentration greater than 60%? - ANSWER-Because room air enters between the mask and face during inspiration high flow O2 delivery systems do what? Flow rate? When should they be used? Most common example of High flow O2 system? - ANSWER-Deliver O2 concentration 60% or greater (95%) . Flow rate is 10L. Used in emergency situations whenever the child has respiratory distress or shock Nonrebreathing mask Nonrebreathing mask valves do what? - ANSWER-A valve in 1 or both exhalation ports to prevent room air from entering during inspiration Valve between reservoir bag and mask to prevent flow of exhaled gas into reservoir How do you prevent bag collapse in nonrebreather? - ANSWER-Adjust O2 flow rate into mask. Greater than 10L During inspiration how much O2 is drawn by the child with a nonrebreather? - ANSWER-100% from the reservoir bag and O2 inflow High Flow nasal cannula - ANSWER-O2 can be adjusted from 4 L in infants up to 40 L or more in adolescents. Deliver a combo of room air and oxygen. Gas flow for nebulizer? How long? - ANSWER-5-6L/min 8-10 min Does skin pigment affect accuracy or function of the pulse oximeter? - ANSWER-False What must you confirm with a pulse ox? - ANSWER-Confirm validity of oximeter data by evaluating Childs appearance. Also compare HR displayed by pulse ox with HR displayed by the bedside monitor respiratory arrest - ANSWER-The absence of respirations (apnea) with detectable cardiac activity. Must provide rescue breathing to prevent cardiac arrest When should endotracheal intubation be considered? - ANSWER-If the child is unstable to maintain effective airway, oxygenation, or ventilation despite initial intervention.