Questions for Module BIOL114 Biotechnology

……………………………….BIOL114 Example short answer test marking scheme


1. Genomic DNA (1), cDNA (1)



2. Any 3 from:

cut double-stranded (1) DNA

recognise sequences with 2-fold rotational symmetry (1). Accept recognise palindromic

sequences

cut DNA at defined/specific (1) sequences

isolated/purified from bacteria (1)

can generate complementary/“sticky ends” (1)

Do not accept “cut DNA” without reference to dsDNA, recognition sites or sticky ends



3. a) DNA polymerase (1)

b) primer (1). Accept oligonucleotide

dNTPs/deoxyribonucleotides (1). Do not accept NTPs, nucleotides, bases, ddNTPs

c) A dideoxynucleotide (1) is incorporated which lacks a 3’ OH (1)

d) Detects fluorescence (1) from fluorescently labelled/tagged (1) ddNTPs



4. Taq polymerase is heat resistant/isolated from thermophilic bacteria/ bacteria that live in

hot springs (1) and so will not be destroyed/denatured (1) during PCR



5. The genetic code is degenerate (1) and different organisms favour different codons (1) to

encode specific amino acids.



6. Any 2 from:

To make them easier to purify (1)