NR 293 ATI PHARMACOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM 2023 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADE A+

NR 293 ATI PHARMACOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM 2023
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADE A+

NR 293 ATI PHARMACOLOGY

MIDTERM EXAM

1. A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who is resistant to taking medication.Which
of the following strategies should the nurse use to elicit the child’s cooperation?
a. Offer the child a choice of taking the medication with juice or water
b. Tell the child it is candy
c. Hide the medications in a large dish of ice cream
d. Tell the child he will have a shot instead


2. A nurse is caring for a client who has difficulty swallowing medications and is prescribed
enteric-coated aspirin PO once daily. The client asks if the medicationcan be crushed to
make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide?
a. "Crushing the medication might cause you to have a stomach-ache or
indigestion.
Rationale:
The pill is enteric-coated to prevent breakdown in the stomach and decrease the
possibility of GI distress. Crushing destroys protection.
b. "Crushing the medication is a good idea, and I can mix it in some ice creamfor
you.”
c. "Crushing the medication would release all the medication at once, ratherthan
over time."
d. "Crushing is unsafe, as it destroys the ingredients in the medication."


3. A nurse is caring for a client who has congestive heart failure and is taking digoxin
daily. The client refused breakfast and is complaining of nausea andweakness.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. Check the client's vital signs.
Rationale:
It is possible that the client's nausea is secondary to digoxin toxicity. Assess for
bradycardia, a symptom of digoxin toxicity. The nurse should withhold the medication
and call the provider if the client's heart rate is less than 60 bpm.
b. Request a dietitian consult.
c. Suggest that the client rests before eating the meal.
d. Request an order for an antiemetic.

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Pharmacology Midterm

4. A nurse is caring for a client who has thrombophlebitis and is receiving heparin by
continuous IV infusion. The client asks the nurse how long it will take for the heparin
to dissolve the clot. Which of the following responses should the nursegive?
a. "It usually takes heparin at least 2 to 3 days to reach a therapeutic bloodlevel."
b. "A pharmacist is the person to answer that question."
c. "Heparin does not dissolve clots. It stops new clots from forming."
Rationale:
This statement accurately answers the client's question.
d. "The oral medication you will take after this IV will dissolve the clot.


5. A nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder and has been taking lithiumfor 1
year. Before administering the medication, the nurse should check to see that which of
the following tests have been completed?
a. Thyroid hormone assay
Rationale: Thyroid testing is important because long-term use of lithium maylead
to thyroid dysfunction.
b. Liver function tests:
Rationale: LFTs must be monitored before and during valproic acid therapy
c. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Rationale: This is not a necessary test related to lithium therapy.
d. Brain natriuretic peptide


6. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and new
prescriptions for cromolyn and albuterol, both by nebulizer. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
a. “If my breathing begins to feel tight, I will use the cromolyn immediately.”
b. “I will be sure to take the albuterol before taking the cromolyn.”
Rationale: The client should always use the bronchodilator (albuterol) prior to using the
leukotriene modifier (cromolyn). Using the bronchodilator first allows the airways to be
opened, ensuring that the maximum dose of medication will getto the client's lungs.
c. “I will use both medications immediately after exercising.”
d. “I will administer the medications 10 minutes apart.”

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Pharmacology Midterm
i.
7. A nurse is completing a medication history for a client who reports using over-the
counter calcium carbonate antacid. Which of the following recommendations should
the nurse make about taking this medication?
a. Decrease bulk in the diet to counteract the adverse effect of diarrhea.
b. Take the medication with dairy products to increase absorption.
c. Reduce sodium intake.
d. Drink a glass of water after taking the medication.
Rationale.
Calcium carbonate is a dietary supplement used when the amount of calcium taken in the
diet is not enough. Calcium carbonate may also be used as an antacid to relieve heartburn,
acid indigestion, and stomach upset. The client should drink a fullglass of water after taking
an antacid to enhance its effectiveness.


8. A nurse is caring for a client who has deep vein thrombosis and has been on
heparin continuous infusion for 5 days. The provider prescribes warfarin PO
without discontinuing the heparin. The client asks the nurse why both
anticoagulants are necessary. Which of the following statements should the nurse
make?
a. "Warfarin takes several days to work, so the IV heparin will be used untilthe
warfarin reaches a therapeutic level."
Rationale:
However, these medications work in different ways to achieve therapeutic coagulation and
must be given together until therapeutic levels of anticoagulation can be achieved by
warfarin alone, which is usually within 1 to 5 days. When the client's PT and INR are within
therapeutic range, the heparin can be discontinued.
b. "I will call the provider to get a prescription for discontinuing the IV heparin
today.”
c. "Both heparin and warfarin work together to dissolve the clots."
d. "The IV heparin increases the effects of the warfarin and decreases thelength
of your hospital stay."


9. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has asthma and a new prescription for
inhaled beclomethasone. Which of the following instructions should the nurseprovide?
a. Check the pulse after medication administration.
b. Take the medication with meals.
c. C. Rinse the mouth after administration.
Rationale: