General Physics 1 Quarter 2 Reviewer
Chapter 1: Forces Gravitational Potential Energy – energy due to
position of an object relative to Earth’s ground.
Forces are differentiated into two: CONTACT force and Altitude (m) and GPE are directly proportional.
NON-CONTACT force. Chemical Potential Energy -
CONTACT FORCES – applied by objects in contact with Elastic Potential Energy –
each other. It can be a continuous force or can be an o Kinetic Energy – possessed by a body because of its
impulse (momentary). It is also governed by Newton’s motion. Object speed (m/s) and KE (N or kgm/s) are
Laws. This is what we experience daily. directly proportional.
o TENSION – force transmitted via rope, string or wire o Mechanical Energy – sum of PE and KE of a body.
when pulled by forces acting from opposite sides. It o Work-Energy Theorem – the net work done on an
pulls energy equally on the bodies at the ends. object is equal to the change in kinetic energy of the
o NORMAL FORCE – force that surfaces exert to object.
prevent solid objects from passing through each other. o Law of Conservation of Energy – Energy is neither
o FRICTION – the force generated by two surfaces that created nor destroyed, only transformed.
contacts and slide against each other. Power – rate of work over time.
Factors affecting Ff – surface texture and amount
of force. Chapter 4: Center of Mass, Momentum,
o SPRING FORCE – force exerted by a compressed or Impulse and Collisions
stretched spring upon any object that is attached to it.
The object restores to its equilibrium position. Center of Mass (m c ) – a point where the mass of the
o THRUST – when a system accelerates mass in one system is concentrated.
direction, the thrust is as large in the opposite direction. o Geometric Center – physical center of a system.
NONCONTACT FORCES – applied to an object by Also the intersection of the x- and y-coordinates, sets
another body without any direct contact. the origin and their locations.
o GRAVITATIONAL FORCE – attracts any two objects o FACTORS THAT ACCOUNT FOR THE CENTER
with mass. OF MASS:
(1) Masses of the constituent objects of the system.
Chapter 2: Newton’s Laws of Motion
(2) Location of the objects using an arbitrary
(1) LAW OF INERTIA – “(1) A body at rest will remain coordinate system.
at rest and (2) a body in motion will continue to move with Momentum (p) – moving mass
constant velocity, unless acted upon by unbalanced Impulse (I) - the effect of force acting over time to
external force.” change the momentum of an object.
o Inertia – the tendency of an object to resist changes in Conservation of Momentum – in an isolated system
its velocity: whether in motion or motionless. where the net external force is zero, the total momentum
o Friction – a force that slows down and eventually of the system is constant.
o Final and initial states are equal in terms of the
makes objects motionless over time, without an outside
force. conserved momentum.
(2) LAW OF ACCELERATION – “The acceleration of o Elastic Collision – bodies separate after; p and KE are
an object is (1) directly proportional to conserved. Net momentum and net energy are
the net force acting on the object and conserved
(2) inversely proportional to the mass o Inelastic Collision – p is conserved, KE is not
F conserved.
of the object.”
o Lesser mass = greater acceleration o Perfectly Inelastic Collision – the interacting bodies
o Greater exerted force = greater m a move as one after collision. KE is not conserved.
acceleration
(3) LAW OF INTERACTION – “For every action, there Elastic Collision Inelastic Collision
is an equal and opposite reaction.” Objects that move separately Objects that move together
after collision after collision.
Chapter 3: Work, Energy, and Power
Net Energy and Net Momentum are conserved.
WORK – it is only done if a force causes an object to KE is conserved. KE is NOT conserved.
move.
o If you apply a force on an object and it covers a
displacement in the direction of the force, you have done Chapter 6: Mechanical Waves and Sound
work on that object.
o Therefore, WORK IS DONE if: Mechanical Waves
its vertical (force) and horizontal (displacement)
components create an angle.
The force and displacement are in opposite direction.
o Therefore, NO WORK IS DONE if:
The force and displacement are perpendicular.
ENERGY – capacity to do work.
o Potential Energy – energy at rest.
o o Travel through a medium
Gawa ni AMB
Chapter 1: Forces Gravitational Potential Energy – energy due to
position of an object relative to Earth’s ground.
Forces are differentiated into two: CONTACT force and Altitude (m) and GPE are directly proportional.
NON-CONTACT force. Chemical Potential Energy -
CONTACT FORCES – applied by objects in contact with Elastic Potential Energy –
each other. It can be a continuous force or can be an o Kinetic Energy – possessed by a body because of its
impulse (momentary). It is also governed by Newton’s motion. Object speed (m/s) and KE (N or kgm/s) are
Laws. This is what we experience daily. directly proportional.
o TENSION – force transmitted via rope, string or wire o Mechanical Energy – sum of PE and KE of a body.
when pulled by forces acting from opposite sides. It o Work-Energy Theorem – the net work done on an
pulls energy equally on the bodies at the ends. object is equal to the change in kinetic energy of the
o NORMAL FORCE – force that surfaces exert to object.
prevent solid objects from passing through each other. o Law of Conservation of Energy – Energy is neither
o FRICTION – the force generated by two surfaces that created nor destroyed, only transformed.
contacts and slide against each other. Power – rate of work over time.
Factors affecting Ff – surface texture and amount
of force. Chapter 4: Center of Mass, Momentum,
o SPRING FORCE – force exerted by a compressed or Impulse and Collisions
stretched spring upon any object that is attached to it.
The object restores to its equilibrium position. Center of Mass (m c ) – a point where the mass of the
o THRUST – when a system accelerates mass in one system is concentrated.
direction, the thrust is as large in the opposite direction. o Geometric Center – physical center of a system.
NONCONTACT FORCES – applied to an object by Also the intersection of the x- and y-coordinates, sets
another body without any direct contact. the origin and their locations.
o GRAVITATIONAL FORCE – attracts any two objects o FACTORS THAT ACCOUNT FOR THE CENTER
with mass. OF MASS:
(1) Masses of the constituent objects of the system.
Chapter 2: Newton’s Laws of Motion
(2) Location of the objects using an arbitrary
(1) LAW OF INERTIA – “(1) A body at rest will remain coordinate system.
at rest and (2) a body in motion will continue to move with Momentum (p) – moving mass
constant velocity, unless acted upon by unbalanced Impulse (I) - the effect of force acting over time to
external force.” change the momentum of an object.
o Inertia – the tendency of an object to resist changes in Conservation of Momentum – in an isolated system
its velocity: whether in motion or motionless. where the net external force is zero, the total momentum
o Friction – a force that slows down and eventually of the system is constant.
o Final and initial states are equal in terms of the
makes objects motionless over time, without an outside
force. conserved momentum.
(2) LAW OF ACCELERATION – “The acceleration of o Elastic Collision – bodies separate after; p and KE are
an object is (1) directly proportional to conserved. Net momentum and net energy are
the net force acting on the object and conserved
(2) inversely proportional to the mass o Inelastic Collision – p is conserved, KE is not
F conserved.
of the object.”
o Lesser mass = greater acceleration o Perfectly Inelastic Collision – the interacting bodies
o Greater exerted force = greater m a move as one after collision. KE is not conserved.
acceleration
(3) LAW OF INTERACTION – “For every action, there Elastic Collision Inelastic Collision
is an equal and opposite reaction.” Objects that move separately Objects that move together
after collision after collision.
Chapter 3: Work, Energy, and Power
Net Energy and Net Momentum are conserved.
WORK – it is only done if a force causes an object to KE is conserved. KE is NOT conserved.
move.
o If you apply a force on an object and it covers a
displacement in the direction of the force, you have done Chapter 6: Mechanical Waves and Sound
work on that object.
o Therefore, WORK IS DONE if: Mechanical Waves
its vertical (force) and horizontal (displacement)
components create an angle.
The force and displacement are in opposite direction.
o Therefore, NO WORK IS DONE if:
The force and displacement are perpendicular.
ENERGY – capacity to do work.
o Potential Energy – energy at rest.
o o Travel through a medium
Gawa ni AMB
