BIOD 171 Portage Learning Exam 1 Questions & Answers.

BIOD 171 Portage Learning Exam 1 Questions & Answers. BIOD 171 Portage Learning Exam 1. Question 1 3 / 3 pts True/False. A virus is considered a microorganism. True False Viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms. Viruses can, however, be classified as microbes, a more general term that includes microorganisms and viruses. Question 2 3 / 3 pts What is the smallest biological unit of life? Your Answer: Cell A cell Question 3 4 / 4 pts What are the four main types of macromolecules found in cells? Your Answer: Proteins, Nucleids Acids, Lipids and Polysaccharides Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids and Polysaccharides Question 4 3 / 3 pts Proteins are formed from various combinations of [answer1] of which there are [answer2] known forms. Your Answer: 1; amino acids 2. 20 of them 1. Amino acids 2. 20 Question 5 4 / 4 pts Define an essential amino acid. Your Answer: This amino acid must come from our daily intake therefore cannot be made by our body An essential amino acid cannot be produced by the human body and as such must be take in from the environment through alternative sources (i.e) food. Question 6 10 / 10 pts What are the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles? Your Answer: 1. DNA carry out a huge amount of genetic material and it is responsible for the hereditary characteistics of all living cells . 2. RNA It is responsible for decoding all this genetical information that DNA contains then use them to synthesize proteins There are two major types of nucleic acids: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). Nucleic acids are chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell. DNA contains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins. Question 7 0 / 10 pts Complete the following RNA strand, and indicate how many bonds are formed for each complementary pair: 3’ GGUCAUCG 5’ 5’ CC AGC 3’ Your Answer: the one in the top is 3' 5' the one below is 5'-3' 3’ GGUCAUCG 5’ 5’ CCAGUAGC 3’ There are 2 bonds formed between A and U, and 3 bonds between G and C. Question 8 2.5 / 5 pts The plasma membrane (select all that are true): Restricts movement of materials in and out of the cell Is often a triple layer comprised of lipids Prevents essential nutrients from escaping Contains hydrophobic tails pointing outward Question 9 5 / 5 pts Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms come together to form what primary macromolecule? Give an example. Your Answer: Polysaccharides GC6 H12 O6 which is Glucose Polysaccharides. Glucose, sucrose and cellulose are all acceptable answers. Question 10 3 / 3 pts True of False: Eukaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. True False Eukaryotic cells do have a nucleus (prokaryotic cells do not). Question 11 4 / 4 pts True or False: Prokaryotic cells can be subdivided into Bacteria and Archaea. True False Question 12 3 / 3 pts True or False: Archaea is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions. True Archaea can often be found in harsh conditions such as high salt levels, high acid conditions, high temperatures and even oxygen-poor conditions. False Question 13 5 / 5 pts Animalia, Plantae, Fungi and Protista are all classification under what type of organism? Bacteria Eukarya Only Eukarya contains animals, plants, fungi and protists. Archaea Virus Question 14 0 / 3 pts Microorganisms classified as obtain most of their energy by converting light energy into chemical energy. Your Answer: Chlorophyll Plantae Question 15 5 / 5 pts A defining characteristic of fungi is the presence of chitin in the cell walls. Which of following also contain chitin? Select all that apply. Mushrooms Bacteria Yeast Molds Question 16 5 / 5 pts True or False: A defining characteristic of Protista is the inability of colonies to form tissue layers. True False Question 17 3 / 3 pts The function of the lysosome is (select all that apply): Lipid synthesis Protein synthesis To produce energy (ATP) Protein modification and distribution Waste disposal via hydrolytic enzymes Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles capable of degrading unwanted cellular debris Question 18 5 / 5 pts Identify the following cellular components by matching the number with the description. A. Cell wall B. Lysosome C. Centriole D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum E. Plasma membrane F. Nucleus G. Golgi apparatus 1 F 2 B 3 E 4 G 5 D Question 19 5 / 5 pts Cell walls are found in which of the following (select all that apply): Plants Fungi Bacteria Mammalian cells Algae Question 20 10 / 10 pts The function of the Golgi is (select all that apply): Lipid synthesis Protein synthesis To produce energy (ATP) Protein modification and distribution Within the Golgi complex proteins are modified and then distributed throughout the cell. Waste disposal via hydrolytic enzymes Question 21 2 / 2 pts True of False. All multicellular microorganisms classified as Animalia are heterotropic. True False