NHA PCT Patient Care (2022/2023) Graded A+

NHA PCT Patient Care (2022/2023) Graded A+ ADLs activities of daily living for a bed bath, you will need: bath blanket, wash basin, clean bed linen, and laundry bag bathing is an activity that can also provide a chance to observe any skin breakdown such as tenderness, redness, warm in any area of bony prominence supplies necessary for a bath bath towel, washcloth, skin cleanser, gown, body lotion, powder, and deodorant for a bed bath the supplies needed a bath blanket, wash basin, clean bed linen, and laundry bag a ____________________ can be helpful if a patient becomes fatigued or unsteady shower chair when bathing patients a complete bed bath is not done everyday how does a patient check the water temperature? use back of hand the bath water should be at for a warm temperature 37* to 46* C (98.6* to 115* F) most routine baths are at what temperature? 40.5* to 43.3* C (105* to 110* F) for privacy for a bath keep the patient's room door closes, pull curtain in a shared space, and keep the patient's body covered with a bath blanket a ______________ should be in close reach, especially if patient is alone in the shower call light during bed baths, keep the bed rail on the _____________ side to ensure the patient does not roll off the bed. opposite Ensure ____ sites and ___________________ are protected from moisture, which could lead to infection. IV; surgical incisions wash the patient from cleanest to dirtiest areas to prevent contamination when washing patient use long firm strokes to stimulate circulation do not rub the skin vigorously with the towel when drying patient, instead pat dry a partial bath consists of cleansing the patient's face, neck, hands, back, armpits, buttocks, and perineal area perineal genital and anal areas for perineal care was from anterior to posterior (front to back) never raise the drainage bag higher than the patient's bladder lifting the patients drainage bag higher than the patient's bladder can cause contaminated urine to drain back into the bladder, leading to infection when cleaning a perineal area with a catheter, cleanse the area with soap and water or prescribed microbicidal ointment at the catheter insertion site catheter care is done 2x daily if a patient has a catheter in, ensure that there is enough slack in the catheter tubing and that the bag is secured to the side of the bed; not the bed rail why should the catheter bag be secured to the side of the bed? to prevent the catheter from being pulled out during repositioning a sitz bath is how long? 20-30 minutes what does a sitz bath do? the warm water bathes and soothes the perineal and anal areas A sitz bath is useful after childbirth, vaginal or rectal surgery, or hemorrhoids dyshasia difficulty swallowing NPO nothing by mouth oral care offered when patient is awake, after meals, and bed time for a patient with natural teeth use, a soft bristle toothbrush and toothpaste If patient is unable, gently cleanse each tooth in a circular motion at a 45* angle to the gums from the back of the mouth toward the front when washing dentures, they are placed in a washbasin containing lukewarm water (hot water can damage them) to break the suction on the upper denture.. use your thumb and forefinger when removing the upper denture with thumb and forefinger use gauze and gentle pressure, slightly tug downward and remove the denture from the patient's mouth remove the lower denture by lifting it up and twisting it sideways when inserting dentures moisten them to make it easier to create suction when dentures are not being used place them into a denture cup with the patient's name and room number fill the denture cup with lukewarm water or denture solution so they do not dry out unconscious patients have some level of awareness and talking to them can reassure them that they are safe and being cared for when performing oral hygiene care for a patient who is unable to do it, which of the following actions should you take? brush from the back of the mouth to the front what three things are important for having a clean bed? - comfort - healing - infection control the best time to perform bed making when patient is: - out of bed - ambulating - showering - having a procedure when transporting clean linens to the patient's room... hold them away from your body so that any pathogens on your uniform do not transfer to the clean supplies 8 item for bed making - a fitted sheet - mattress pad - flat sheet - pillowcases - lift (draw sheet) - absorbent pads - blankets - linen bag before changing linens, complete any tasks that could soil the bed sheets such as: use bathroom, bathe patient 7 step process for occupied bed: 1. roll the patient to one side of the bed 2. tuck the sheets to be removed under the patient 3. replace the sheets on the unoccupied side 4. tuck the fresh sheets under the patient 5. roll the patient to the fresh side 6. remove the old linens 7. complete the linen change what gives the patient a sense of control and independence allow the patients to choose their clothes and complete as much of their dressing as they can if a patient has a weak side- for example, from a stroke or surgery- work with that side first If the patient has an IV line connected to an IV bag, you must do what? take the arm without the IV line out of the gown FIRST Once the gown is off of the patient, thread the tubing and bag... through the sleeve Assist the patient by gently guiding the arm with the IV line through the arm sleeve only a __________ can disconnect the patient from the infusion pump to help them dress or undress RN For hair care: - comb downwards - do small sections at a time - start combing from the scalp You are taking the hospital gown off a patient who has an IV line in the right arm. Which arm should you take out of the gown first? Left Arm Be aware of any activity restrictions... before assisting the patients out of the bed __________ leave confuses or unstable patients alone Never If the patient is unable to get out of the bed for toileting, you will provide a bedpan or urinal a bedpan is for females a urinal is for males Ensure that patients have _____________ and a ______________________ within reach to notify you when they have finished using the restroom. privacy; call light Clean and dry the perineal area after bedpan use to avoid skin breakdown or irritation Check with the nurse about any - dietary restrictions (or precautions) - NPO status - if patient has diabetes - if patient has dysphagia - if patient has liquid diet As a PCT offer to assist the patient with ____________ prior to mealtime. toileting Raise the head of the bed or have patients sit in a chair during meals to prevent choking Standing over patients while they eat can make them feel rushed It might be difficult for patients who have had a stroke to chew on the affected. When feeding the patient, what should PCT do? Direct the food toward the non affected side of the mouth Using a __________ is safer than a _________ when assisting with feeding spoon; fork It is important to weigh patients accurately because weight determines many treatments and medication dosages Types of scales - upright (electronic or mechanical) - bed scale - chair scale - sling scale Make sure the scale is set to zero.. prior to use when weighing a patient using an in-bed scale, subtract the weight of bedding and equipment ensure that all connections are secure before raising the patient for the weight measure accepting hearing what a patient says and following the thoughts they express Clarifying Asking for a clearer explanation when what a patient says is vague encouraging communication Asking a patient to share what they are feeling Exploring gently persuading a patient to express their thoughts in a little more detail, but avoiding an probing or prying focusing keeping a patient's attention on the important topic or information they need to understand example of accepting "I get what you're saying." Example of clarifying "I'm not sure I'm following that." example of encouraging communication "Tell me if you start feeling anxious." example of exploring "Would you tell me a little more about that." example of focusing "I'm enjoying hearing your thoughts about your upcoming vacation, bit let's get back to what to do if this keeps bleeding after you leave." giving a broad opening allowing patient to direct the discussion example of giving a broad opening "What do we need to know about what we're doing today?" giving recognition showing a patient recognition as an individual, including addressing them by name example of giving recognition "Let's get started as soon as you're ready, Mr. Ellis" Making observations sharing your perceptions with a patient example of making observations "You seem a bit nervous today" mirroring restating the patient's statement to show understanding Example of mirroring Patient: "I can't always understand what the doctor is telling me.: PCT: "You're having difficulty understanding your doctor?" offering self conveying your availability to listen and help example of offering self "I'm here for you. Tell me what you need." Offering general leads encouraging a patient to keep expressing their thoughts Example of Offering general leads "Please continue." Remaining silent conveying that a patient can continue formulating the thoughts they want to express without any pressure to converse summarizing demonstrating an understanding of the important parts of the conversation reflecting repeating a patient's statement or question back to them to encourage them to value or accept their own opinions which of the following are indications of active listening? - smile - eye contact - erect posture - attention to what the speaker is saying how do you offer emotional support? use trust and honesty use trust and honesty to build... effective, positive relationships with patients and their families