PCT FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED

PCT FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED Care for patient with feeding tubes Elevate the head 45 degree while feeding Monitoring bowel movement You are responsible for notifying the nurse (patient must have a movement every 3 days) amount, color, consistency When a patient get discharged PCT must obtain vital signs Restorative care Is care given to patient to help them become as independent as possible, following a health or medical event In restorative care Allow patients to do as many ADLs as possible. Contracture Are abnormal flexion of joints Bladder exercises Nurses are responsible for educate patiens about these exercises, PCT remind them. Removing an IV Need a gauze, tape and gloves Sterile dressing Are to be removed by nurses or physician, PCT does not remove them without specific directions To apply sterile dressing Wash hand 3 times Drainage saturation Drainage: Amount, color, odor, Dry: is soaked, securely taped to the skin Lifting devices Used for heavy patients: Hydrolic ,sling, metal frame To apply bandages Apply from distal to proximal Compression boots Promote blood flow in the leg and prevent blood clot formation Holes in anti-embolism are To asses blood circulation (TED HOSE) prevent fluid build up Incentive spirometry Is used to improve blood circulation to the lungs, minimize the risk of pneumonia , move air into lungs Edema Excessive accumulation of fluid in body tissue Apical pulse Is felt in the 5th intercostal space, and the midclavicular line (pulse over 60 b/m) Measuring oxygen saturation in hemoglobin Normal range 94 to 100 can be measured in the finger, toe, or earlobe False findings can be caused by Nail polish, cold fingers, toxic exposure Drawing requirement -Requisition form -full name -DOB/medical record -Who ordered test -when sample was obtained Implied of informed consent A PCT must always obtain consent and explain procedures Antecubital fossa Preferred site for venipuncture (several veins close to the surface and easy to seen. Back of the hand (metacarpal is also another good site) If cannot contact provider Document that patient did not fast Never use family members when Patient speak a different language During an EKG Instruct the patient to remove all electronic devices remain as still as possible at least for 10 seconds, lie flat with head slightly elevated. Stress test Is used to test the heart function under increased workload (instruct not to smoke or eat 3 hours before test) 5 lead configuration Lithotomy position Is used for rectal and genital exams, a position lying on your back with knees bent and thighs apart Heart rate of an infant Is 80 to 160 b/m Oximetry reading Low BP and cold fingers can indicate poor circulation, which can cause problems in an oxymetry readout. Vertical projections (R waves) pacemaker spikes Are common in individual with pacemakers V5, V6 I and AVL Observe the lateral wall of the heart atrial fibrillation occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall. (in this case apical pulse to asses heart rate)300/600 b/m is an irregular irregularly rhythm In atrial tachicardia P waves are not present Petechiae Is a sign of platelet malfunction, and require more pressure applied to the site. Junctional rhythm No QRS Biological hazard Bacteria, microorganism, substances Low Potassium Level Causes U wave to be present in the EKG Black tarry stools Indicate a problem with the upper gastrointestinal tract Wide QRS Evidence Ventricular tachicardia PP glucose Patient can't eat nothing within the past 2 hours at the moment of the drawing Polyuria Occurs when blood sugar is at the top of the level During a syncope Patient becomes pale and diaphoretic Wandering atrial pacemaker Includes 3 or more shapes of P waves A normal EKG shows: P waves, QRS complexes and T waves 1500 Method (Atrial /fast rhythms) Count the small boxes between PP waves for atrial rate, and divide it into 1500. (atrial rate) 1500 method (ventricular/fast rhythms) Count the # of small boxes between RR waves for ventricular rate J point Occurs at the end of the QRS complex where ST segment begins Supraventricular tachycardia A heart rate of over 100 bpm caused above the ventricle, either the atria, SA node, or AV junction.(absence of P waves) QRS complex usually narrow. Measuring intervals 3 boxes are 120 ml and 5 boxes are 200 mls (PR interval) every small box is In premature QRS complexes P waves It start wadening in the PR interval is almost unexistent Ventricular tachycardia Wide QRS complexes are characteristic of VT (normal QRS complexes are less than 3 small squares. 30 Large squares Correspond to 6 sec PR Interval Between 3 - 5 little squares (0.12 - 0.2 sec) QT interval Equal to 11 small squares or 0.44 than half the RR interval