Community Health Practice 2023 with verified questions and answers

T/F District nursing is the last stage of development of community health nursing False T/F Florence Nightingale was the first person to use the term "public health nursing" False Rationale: Lillian Wald was Which societal influence would be closely associated with epidemiology A. Advanced technology B. Causal thinking C. Consumer movement D. Role changes for women B. Causal thinking T/F Evidence-based practice involves clinical reasoning True When preparing to perform research, which would the nurse do first? A. Choose a research design B. Review the literature C. Formulate a research question D. Select a conceptual model C. Formulate a research question T/F The endurance of a value means that the value has more importance than another. False Which ethical principle is applied when the nurse ensures the groups' involvement in decision-making? A. Beneficence B. Autonomy C. Respect D. Justice Autonomy T/F The assessment function of public health involves informing clients and communities False The assessment function involves gathering and analyzing information that will affect the health of the people to be served. Informing, educating, and empowering clients are activities associated with the function of policy development Roles of beginning professional nursing practice were grouped into broad roles that include care of which of the following? Select all that apply. A. Provider B. Designer C. Manager D. Coordinator E. Reimburser A. Provider B. Designer C. Manager D. Coordinator Rationale: Roles of beginning professional nursing practice are: provider of care, designer/manager/coordinator of care, and member of a profession T/F "A nurse acting as an advocate would help assist clients with navigating the health care system. True As an advocate, the nurse pleads clients' causes or acts on their behalf. One example of advocacy would be guiding clients through the complexities of the health care system. T/F A halfway house is an example of the home as a setting for community health nursing False A halfway house would be considered a residential institution setting ____ means equal rights and opportunities in all aspects of society Social justice T/F The CDC is a division under federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services. True The main federal agency is the Department of Health and Human Services and the CDC is a division within this agency. T/F A school nurse needs a minimum of a master's degree in nursing to practice in this role False To be a school nurse, a minimum of a bachelor's degree in nursing is required. Which of the following would a corrections nurse expect to face in the future? A. Younger, healthier inmates B. Decreased chronic illnesses C. More women inmates D. Shorter stays for inmates C. More women inmates More women inmates. Future trends include an increase in the population of female inmates, older sicker inmates staying in prison for longer amounts of time, and an increase in chronic illnesses. T/F "Nurse-managed health centers typically are found near a large acute care facility False Nurse-managed health centers are located in a medically underserved area or serve a medically underserved population. T/F Faith community nursing practice most commonly involves salaried positions. False Faith community nursing practice can be salary or volunteer practice, institutional or faith-based sponsorship. The choice depends on several variables T/F "An occupational and environmental health nurse has the capability of firing an employee False An occupational and environmental health nurse has no supervisory responsibility such that firing an employee is not a responsibility. T/F "Decoding is an important step in the communication process. True Rationale: Decoding is an important step in the communication process. The receiver must translate the message into an understandable form. This translation is called decoding. T/F The nominal group technique for group decision making involves the members taking turns to freely offer suggestions false the nominal group technique involves the pooling of ideas and discussion after members independently come up with ideas. T/F Contracting involves commitment and negotiation true Contracting is characterized by commitment, negotiation, partnership, mutuality, and format. Which characterizes normative-reeducative strategies for change? A. Persuasion B. Coercion C. Rationality D. Best interests A. Persuasion The normative-reeducative strategy involves new information that directly influences people's attitudes and behaviors through persuasion. Empiric-rational strategies are used to effect change based on the assumption that people are rational and when presented with information will adopt new practices that appear to be in their best interest. Power-coercive strategies use coercion based on fear to effect change. T/F Skinner is a behavioral theorist who used conditioning with reinforcement. True Skinner is a behavioral theorist who addresses conditioning with reinforcement, such that successive systematic changes in a learner's environment enhance the probability of the desired response. Which health teaching model explains the behaviors and actions taken by people to prevent illness and injury? A. Health Belief Model (HBM) B. Health Promotion Model (HPM) C. PRECEDE model A.Health Belief Model (HBM) Rationale: The HBM is useful for explaining the behaviors and actions taken by people to prevent illness and injury. The HPM includes three general areas: individual characteristics and experiences, behavior-specific cognitions, and behavioral outcomes. The PRECEDE model involves social, epidemiological, and education/ecological assessments followed by administrative and policy assessment and intervention alignment, and implementation. T/F Assessment and diagnosis is the first step in the teaching process. False Rationale: The first step in the teaching process is interaction, establishing basic communication patterns between clients and nurse. Assessment and diagnosis follows. T/F "Benchmarking is a major aspect of quality indicators False Rationale: Bench marking involves continuous, collaborative, systematic processes for measuring and examining internal programs' strengths and weaknesses T/F The Donabedian model for program evaluation is the most complex method used for program evaluation False Rationale:The Donabedian model is recognized as simplistic and the basic method of measuring quality. Which of the following is an important concept of social marketing? A.Process B.Outcomes C.Structure D.Competition D. Competition Rationale: Concepts important to social marketing include competition, exchange, self-interest, behavior change, consumer orientation, product, price, place and promotion, and partners and policy. Structure, process, and outcomes are the three components of program evaluation. T/F "Early theories were called metaparadigms False Rationale: Early theories were called grand theories or conceptual models. Which is associated with Orem's Self-Care Model? A. Environmental influences health B. Open systems interacting with environment C. Universal requirements D. Energy fields C. Universal requirements Rationale: Orem's Self-Care Model addresses universal requirements Environmental influences on health are associated with Nightingale's theory Open systems interacting with the environment is part of Neuman's Health Care Systems Model. Energy fields are part of Rogers' Model. T/F "Pender's Health Promotion Model focuses on three categories of nursing interventions False Rationale: Three categories of nursing interventions are part of Salmon's Construct for Public Health Nursing. T/F The Omaha System involves a problem classification scheme True Rationale: The Omaha System involves three components: 1. problem classification scheme 2. intervention scheme 3. a problem rating scale for outcomes. In many states, credentials for a career in community health nursing requires which of the following? Select all that apply. A. A baccalaureate-level nursing degree B. A public health nursing certificate C. Continuing education units D. Advance nursing practice status E. Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree A. A baccalaureate-level nursing degree B. A public health nursing certificate C. Continuing education units